A positive ELISA screening result for HIV is usually confirmed by
Correct answer: B. the Western blot technique
- A. repeating the ELISA only
- B. the Western blot technique
- C. a blood culture on agar
- D. a chest X ray
Explanation
ELISA is sensitive but can give false positives, so Western blot, which separates the viral proteins and shows which antibodies are present, is used to confirm. Viruses cannot be cultured on ordinary agar, ruling that option out entirely.
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Viruses are acellular infectious particles made of genetic material enclosed by a protein capsid, sometimes with a lipid envelope. Their replication depends on a host cell and may follow lytic or lysogenic cycles, so viral structure and reproduction differ fundamentally from those of cellular organisms such as bacteria.
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