A newborn receives protective antibodies from the mother through the placenta before birth. Which type of immunity does this represent?

Correct answer: B. Natural passive immunity

  • A. Natural active immunity
  • B. Natural passive immunity
  • C. Artificial active immunity
  • D. Artificial passive immunity

Explanation

Maternal IgG antibodies cross the placenta and give the newborn natural passive immunity. The infant receives ready-made antibodies and does not produce them through an immune response.

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Immunisation covers active and passive immunity, vaccine types, routine childhood schedules under Pakistan’s Expanded Programme on Immunization, administration routes and age-based timing. It also includes cold-chain maintenance, contraindications, adverse events following immunisation, missed doses and the distinction between vaccine protection and treatment of an established infection.

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