All Free Veterinary Science MCQs with Answers

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin B1
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin K

Explanation: Vitamin A is required for visual pigments and maintenance of epithelial tissues.

• A. Glycine
• B. Lysine
• C. Alanine
• D. Glutamic acid

Explanation: Lysine is commonly the first limiting amino acid in cereal-based pig diets because cereal proteins supply it in relatively low amounts.

• A. Potassium to sulfur
• B. Sodium to chlorine
• C. Calcium to phosphorus
• D. Iron to copper

Explanation: An appropriate calcium to phosphorus balance supports normal bone mineralization and prevents excessive parathyroid activity.

• A. Replacing mineral supplementation
• B. Providing essential amino acids
• C. Supplying fermentable fibre
• D. Regulating body temperature and metabolism

Explanation: Water is essential for thermoregulation, digestion, transport of nutrients, and removal of waste products.

• A. Steam flaking
• B. Air drying
• C. Long-term storage
• D. Washing with cold water

Explanation: Steam flaking gelatinizes starch and disrupts grain structure, making starch more accessible to digestive enzymes.

• A. Grass tetany
• B. White muscle disease
• C. Bloat
• D. Rickets

Explanation: White muscle disease results from oxidative muscle damage associated with inadequate selenium and vitamin E.

• A. Soybean meal
• B. Maize grain
• C. Alfalfa hay
• D. Fish meal

Explanation: Alfalfa hay is a forage roughage with substantial structural fibre and is commonly used in ruminant diets.

• A. It provides permanent protection from parasites
• B. It prevents all digestive fermentation
• C. It replaces the need for drinking water
• D. It supplies antibodies for passive immunity

Explanation: Colostrum supplies immunoglobulins that are absorbed through the newborn calf's intestine and provide passive immunity.

• A. Bentonite clay
• B. Sodium bicarbonate
• C. Calcium carbonate
• D. Magnesium sulfate

Explanation: Bentonite and related clay adsorbents can bind certain aflatoxins in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce their absorption.

• A. Starch, sugar, and soluble protein
• B. Hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin
• C. Pectin, starch, and crude protein
• D. Fat, ash, and soluble carbohydrate

Explanation: Neutral detergent fibre mainly measures hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, the major structural components of plant cell walls.

• A. Digestible energy divided by crude protein
• B. Body weight gain divided by feed intake
• C. Feed intake divided by body weight gain
• D. Crude protein intake divided by dry matter intake

Explanation: Feed conversion ratio expresses the amount of feed required for one unit of weight gain.

• A. Lost in the urine
• B. Excreted in the faeces
• C. Consumed in the feed
• D. Retained by the animal

Explanation: Biological value reflects how effectively absorbed protein nitrogen is retained for tissue synthesis and other body functions.

• A. Young animals receive feed that adults cannot access
• B. Adults receive extra feed during late pregnancy
• C. Animals receive feed only during transport
• D. Newborns receive milk replacer before nursing

Explanation: Creep feeding supplies a young animal with supplemental feed through an opening or area that excludes the dam.

• A. Reduce milk production during early lactation
• B. Increase ovulation rate through improved nutrition
• C. Prevent calcium loss after lambing
• D. Replace colostrum with a concentrated ration

Explanation: Flushing provides a higher plane of nutrition shortly before and during breeding, often increasing ovulation rate and improving…

• A. Haemolytic anaemia with jaundice
• B. Macrocytic megaloblastic anaemia
• C. Microcytic hypochromic anaemia
• D. Aplastic anaemia from marrow failure

Explanation: Rapidly growing piglets have limited iron reserves and may develop iron deficiency anaemia, characterized by small pale red cells.

• A. Low dietary sodium stops saliva production completely
• B. Excess calcium blocks intestinal fat absorption
• C. High starch production causes immediate liver failure
• D. Soluble plant proteins stabilize foam in the rumen

Explanation: Rapidly consumed legumes such as alfalfa and clover contain soluble proteins that help stabilize rumen foam.

• A. Altering rumen populations and increasing propionate production
• B. Providing essential amino acids directly to muscle
• C. Increasing the absorption of dietary cellulose in the intestine
• D. Replacing all microbial protein with dietary protein

Explanation: Ionophores selectively affect rumen microorganisms and commonly shift fermentation toward propionate, while reducing some less efficient…

• A. Convert dietary fat into glucose
• B. Release phosphorus bound in phytate
• C. Destroy all antinutritional proteins
• D. Increase the synthesis of vitamin B12

Explanation: Phytase hydrolyses phytate and releases phosphorus that would otherwise be poorly available, especially in poultry and pigs.

• A. Bile acid conjugates
• B. Volatile fatty acids
• C. Maillard reaction products
• D. Rumen microbial nucleotides

Explanation: During excessive heating, reducing sugars react with amino groups in the Maillard reaction, making lysine less available for absorption.

• A. Protein digestibility trial
• B. Metabolism cage
• C. Fecal collection unit
• D. Bomb calorimeter

Explanation: A bomb calorimeter measures the heat released when a feed sample is completely oxidized.