Free Software Design and Architecture MCQs with Answers

• A. Aggregation
• B. Inheritance
• C. Dependency
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: An is-a relationship means that one class is a specialized form of another, which is modeled through inheritance.

• A. maximum number of nodes at any level
• B. longest path from the root to a leaf
• C. number of modules
• D. lines of control

Explanation: In an arc-to-node ratio, a denotes the number of arcs, while n denotes the number of nodes.

• A. Active Object
• B. Passive Object
• C. Multiple instance
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A passive object waits for another object to request an operation or provide data, whereas an active object can initiate activity…

• A. Inheritance
• B. Polymorphism
• C. Encapsulation
• D. Abstract Classes

Explanation: Generalization represents a broader superclass and more specialized subclasses; programming languages implement this relationship through…

• A. Aggregation
• B. Polymorphism
• C. Inheritance
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Polymorphism lets related objects respond to the same method name in different ways, usually through overridden methods in subclasses.

• A. three
• B. four
• C. five
• D. one

Explanation: The object-oriented design pyramid is commonly described with four layers: data or class design, architectural design, interface design…

• A. HTML
• B. XML
• C. UML
• D. SGML

Explanation: UML, or Unified Modeling Language, unified major ideas from the Booch, Rumbaugh, and Jacobson methods into a common notation for…

• A. PACKAGE
• B. PROC
• C. PRIVATE
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A package is conceptually similar to an object because both encapsulate data or definitions together with the operations that use them.

• A. Booch method
• B. Rumbaugh method
• C. Wirfs-Brock method
• D. Coad and Yourdon method

Explanation: The Booch method distinguishes a macro development process for the overall system from a micro development process for individual classes…

• A. instance
• B. object
• C. case
• D. both instance and object

Explanation: A class is a design description, while an object is a concrete instance of that class.

• A. Protocol Description
• B. Implementation Description
• C. Type Description
• D. both Protocol and Implementation Description

Explanation: An OOD design description specifies both the protocol, meaning the services visible to users, and the implementation, meaning how those…

• A. operations that manipulate data in some way
• B. operations that perform a computation
• C. operations that check for syntax errors
• D. operations that monitor an object for the occurrence of a controlling event

Explanation: OOD operations manipulate data, perform computations, or monitor events affecting an object.

• A. OOA is concerned with developing an object model of the application domain
• B. OOD is concerned with developing an object-oriented system model to implement requirements
• C. All of the mentioned
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: OOA models the application domain as interacting objects, while OOD develops the system model that can implement the stated requirements.

• A. Object
• B. Class
• C. Super Class
• D. Sub Class

Explanation: An object combines its state, stored as data, with the methods that manipulate that data.

• A. Physical file
• B. Data Structure
• C. Logical file
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: A DFD data store is a logical repository of data, which may correspond to a file, database, or underlying data structure in…

• A. Data Store
• B. Data Process
• C. Data Flow
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: An arrow in a DFD shows data moving between a process, data store, or external entity.

• A. Level-0 DFD
• B. Level-1 DFD
• C. Level-2 DFD
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: A context diagram presents the entire system as one process and shows its interaction with external entities.

• A. Functional decomposition
• B. Transformation of a textual problem description into a graphic model
• C. All the functions represented in the DFD are mapped to a module structure
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Functional decomposition and converting a textual description into a DFD are structured-analysis activities.

• A. Structured Analysis (SA)
• B. Structured Design (SD)
• C. Detailed Design (DD)
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: Structured analysis describes what the system must do, whereas structured design transforms that analysis into a program-oriented…

• A. Constantine and Yourdon methodology
• B. DeMarco and Yourdon methodology
• C. Gane and Sarson methodology
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Structured analysis and design developed through several established approaches, including Constantine and Yourdon, DeMarco and Yourdon…