Free Software Design and Architecture MCQs with Answers

• A. Association
• B. Aggregation
• C. Realization
• D. Generalization

Explanation: An association is a structural link showing that instances of one class can be connected to instances of another.

• A. Structural things
• B. Behavioral things
• C. Grouping things
• D. Annotational things

Explanation: Classes and interfaces define the static vocabulary and structure of a model, so UML groups them among structural things.

• A. Structural things
• B. Behavioral things
• C. Grouping things
• D. Annotational things

Explanation: Behavioral things represent the dynamic aspects of a UML model, such as actions, state changes, and object interactions.

• A. Use Case
• B. Actor
• C. Interface
• D. Relationship

Explanation: An interface is a collection of operation signatures that specifies services offered by a class or component.

• A. object
• B. attribute
• C. operation
• D. instance

Explanation: An operation is a behavior that can be invoked on an object, such as a method that changes its state or produces a result.

• A. Activity
• B. Sequence
• C. Collaboration
• D. Class

Explanation: A sequence diagram lays out messages along a time axis, making their order explicit from top to bottom.

• A. Activity diagram
• B. Sequence diagram
• C. Statechart diagram
• D. Object diagram

Explanation: A statechart diagram models how an object or system changes state in response to events, making it suitable for real-time and concurrent…

• A. Structural things
• B. Behavioral things
• C. Grouping things
• D. Annotational things

Explanation: Annotational things are the explanatory parts of UML models, such as notes and comments that clarify other model elements.

• A. Object
• B. State
• C. Interface
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A state describes the condition of an object, including the values of its attributes and the actions or activities associated with that…

• A. Deployment diagram
• B. Component diagram
• C. Node diagram
• D. ER-diagram

Explanation: A deployment diagram shows the arrangement of physical nodes and the software artifacts running on them at runtime.

• A. A node
• B. An interface
• C. An activity
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A node is a physical computational resource that exists at runtime, such as a server, device, or execution environment.

• A. Things
• B. Relationships
• C. Diagrams
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: UML is built from three main building blocks: things, relationships, and diagrams.

• A. Interaction diagrams are at their best when they deal with one main design flow and not multiple variants that can happen
• B. Interaction diagrams are good at designing part or all of one use case's functionality across multiple objects
• C. Interaction diagrams allow the analyst to show iteration and conditional execution for messaging between objects
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Interaction diagrams describe object collaboration for a use case, including message ordering, loops, and conditional paths.

• A. operations only
• B. attributes only
• C. both operations and attributes
• D. none of the mentioned

Explanation: At the conceptual level, a class diagram concentrates on domain concepts and their attributes, while implementation details such as…

• A. A class that has direct instances, but whose descendants may have direct instances
• B. A class that has direct instances, but whose descendants may not have direct instances
• C. A class that has no direct instances, but whose descendants may have direct instances
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: An abstract class cannot be instantiated directly, but its concrete descendant classes can have instances.

• A. They can be used to discover parallel activities
• B. They are used to depict workflow for a particular business activity
• C. Activity diagram do not tell who does what and are difficult to trace back to object models
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Activity diagrams model workflows, expose parallel activities through forks, and do not inherently assign actions to objects or people…

• A. Generalization
• B. Include
• C. Extend
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Use case diagrams support generalization between actors or use cases, include for mandatory reused behavior, and extend for optional or…

• A. specify required services for types of objects
• B. program in Java, but not in C++ or Smalltalk
• C. define executable logic to reuse across classes
• D. define an API for all classes

Explanation: A UML interface specifies the services or operations that an object type promises to provide or requires, without prescribing the…

• A. software-based
• B. transaction-based
• C. server-based
• D. client-based
• E. View Answer

Explanation: Transaction-based systems process requests that read or update shared data, usually through database transactions.

• A. ERP systems
• B. Transaction-based information systems
• C. Language processing systems
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: Language-processing systems translate source languages into another representation and may execute the resulting code, as compilers and…