Free Sociological Theory MCQs with Answers

• A. Theological, Metaphysical, Scientific
• B. Industrial, Post-industrial, Modern
• C. Primitive, Feudal, Modern
• D. Religious, Political, Scientific

Explanation: Comte's law moves from theological explanations based on supernatural powers, through metaphysical abstractions, to the scientific or…

• A. Empires
• B. Civilizations
• C. Religions
• D. Economies

Explanation: Ibn Khaldun explained the cyclical rise and fall of empires or dynasties through group solidarity, called asabiyyah.

• A. Functionalism
• B. Social Darwinism
• C. Conflict theory
• D. Positivis

Explanation: Herbert Spencer applied evolutionary ideas to society and is strongly associated with Social Darwinism, including the idea of competition…

• A. Herbert Spencer
• B. Emily Durkheim
• C. Augustus Comte
• D. None of thesePeople & Society

Explanation: Auguste Comte is credited with formulating positivism and applying the scientific method to the study of society.

• A. Understanding human behavior in broader context of society
• B. Understanding human behavior in narrower context of society
• C. Both 'a & b'
• D. None of these

Explanation: A sociological perspective interprets individual behaviour by connecting it with wider social structures, institutions, culture, and…

• A. Tonnies
• B. Simmel
• C. Weber
• D. Wirth

Explanation: Simmel argued that the intensity and abundance of metropolitan stimuli encouraged a blasé attitude, a protective indifference toward…

• A. the way in which people organized collective protests about environmental issues
• B. the forms of wildlife and natural habitats that could be found on the edges of the city
• C. how social groups colonized different areas of the city and competed for resources
• D. how men and women used the city's public spaces differently

Explanation: The ecological approach, associated with the Chicago School, treats the city as an environment in which groups compete for space and…

• A. Park
• B. Hawley
• C. Burgess
• D. Wirth

Explanation: Louis Wirth described urbanism as a way of life, linking it to the large size, high population density, and social heterogeneity of…

• A. Hervey
• B. Castells
• C. Molotch
• D. Saunders

Explanation: Manuel Castells associated collective consumption with publicly provided goods and services such as housing, education, transport, and…

• A. Louise Wirth
• B. Robert Park
• C. Georg Simmel
• D. Max Weber

Explanation: Georg Simmel examined how metropolitan life, money, speed and overstimulation shape the modern personality in this influential 1903 essay.

• A. microsociology
• B. interactionism
• C. ethnomethodology
• D. macrosociology

Explanation: The distribution of power concerns macrosociology because it examines large-scale structures such as states, classes and institutions.

• A. rational -legal authority
• B. charismatic authority
• C. traditional authority
• D. value-rational authority

Explanation: Weber linked the modern state's legitimate monopoly of force with rational-legal authority, where obedience is given to formally…

• A. Gesellschafts
• B. Gemeinschaft
• C. Both of them
• D. None of these

Explanation: Gemeinschaft describes close, intimate, traditional relationships based on kinship and community, whereas Gesellschaft refers to…

• A. squatting
• B. linear development
• C. urbanism
• D. gentrification

Explanation: Louis Wirth used urbanism to describe the distinctive social relationships and behaviour produced by a large, dense and permanent…

• A. comte
• B. Marx
• C. Weber
• D. Durkheim

Explanation: Émile Durkheim introduced anomie into sociology to describe a condition of normlessness or weakened social regulation, especially during…

• A. Ralf Dahrendorf
• B. Talcott Parsons
• C. Emile Durkheim
• D. Robert Merton

Explanation: Parsons, Durkheim, and Merton are major functionalist thinkers. Ralf Dahrendorf is associated mainly with conflict theory, especially his…

• A. alienation
• B. amorality
• C. anomie
• D. ascription

Explanation: Anomie describes normlessness, producing feelings of aimlessness and despair when social rules or expectations become unstable.

• A. macro sociological theory
• B. feminist sociological theory
• C. middle-range sociological theory
• D. micro sociological theory

Explanation: Relative deprivation explains how people assess their situation by comparing themselves with others, making it a focused middle-range…

• A. strong class-based identities
• B. multiculturalism
• C. a strong stateTry Prep Courses
• D. moral consensus

Explanation: Functionalism sees social order as resting on shared values and norms, which it calls moral consensus.

• A. class struggle only occurs under capitalism
• B. class conflict is inevitable in capitalist societies
• C. industrial workers are the revolutionary class
• D. capitalist production exploits the working class

Explanation: Marx viewed class struggle as a recurring feature of human history, not something limited only to capitalism.