All Free Sociology MCQs with Answers

• A. poor diet
• B. poor education
• C. poor sanitation
• D. poor housing

Explanation: Poor diet, sanitation and housing are established environmental or lifestyle risks for chronic disease and long-term impairment in…

• A. industrialization/vertical mobility
• B. horizontal mobility /vertical mobility
• C. urbanization/vertical mobility
• D. industrialization /horizontal mobility
• E. industrialization/urbanization

Explanation: Industrialization and urbanization changed where people worked and lived, weakening the extended household and encouraging smaller family…

• A. people vote according to pragmatic issues and concerns
• B. consumer identities are more important than class identities
• C. personal cultural and environmental issues can mobilize political consciousness just as much as economic interests
• D. all of the above

Explanation: New social movements broaden political mobilisation beyond traditional economic class interests to include culture, identity, consumption…

• A. the decline in voter turnout
• B. the expanding number of small political parties
• C. electoral fraud
• D. security problems with-e-voting

Explanation: In established democracies, declining voter turnout has raised concern about political disengagement and the legitimacy of representative…

• A. the United Nations
• B. the European Union
• C. United States of America
• D. the International Criminal Court

Explanation: The United States is a sovereign state, not an institution or organization of global governance.

• A. capitalist nations fully agree on the merits of capitalism practiced by all developed nations
• B. Russia Eastern Europe Latin America and Asia have fully accepted and are practicing the style of capitalism practiced in the United States
• C. in dynamic Asian nations (e.g. Japan Singapore Hong Kong South Korea and Taiwan) government intervention in economic life has resulted in a "government-business symbiosis " different from that in Europe and the United States
• D. the performance of the Asian economy and financial institutions in late 1997 and early 1998 strongly supports the "government-business /state capitalism/communal capitalism economic arrangement

Explanation: Several East Asian economies developed a government-business symbiosis in which the state actively guided and supported private economic…

• A. retrenchment in welfare spending
• B. the strengthening of civil society
• C. the maintenance of a mixed economy
• D. environmentally sustainable economic growth

Explanation: Third Way politics generally supports a mixed economy, civil society and environmentally sustainable growth, while reforming welfare…

• A. resource mobilization theory
• B. labor movement
• C. environmental movement
• D. anti-nuclear movement

Explanation: The labour movement is a classic or ‘old’ social movement rooted mainly in class and workplace organisation.

• A. Adolf Hitler
• B. Harry S Truman
• C. Charles De Gaulle
• D. Winston Churchill

Explanation: Winston Churchill called for a ‘United States of Europe’ in his 1946 Zurich speech, helping to inspire European integration.

• A. Sweden
• B. Mozambique
• C. Canada
• D. USA

Explanation: Sweden has a lower infant mortality rate than the United States, Canada, and Mozambique, reflecting strong maternal and child healthcare…

• A. USA
• B. Japan
• C. Gambia
• D. unknown

Explanation: Japan has the highest life expectancy at birth among the listed countries, whereas the United States is lower and Gambia is substantially…

• A. risks which result from human interaction with the natural world
• B. risks associated with the activities of manufacturing industries
• C. risks that have been exaggerated by the output of the media
• D. risks that only affect advanced industrial economies

Explanation: Manufactured risks are hazards created by human social and technological activity, especially modern efforts to control or transform…

• A. falls in agricultural yields
• B. the spread of disease
• C. the use of unclear energy
• D. a rise in sea levels

Explanation: Global warming is associated with lower agricultural yields, disease spread and rising sea levels.

• A. social constructionism reminds us that all environmental issues have an important social aspect and context
• B. social constructionism remains agnostic about the scientific reality of environmental issues
• C. social constructionism tells us more about social interactions than the relationship between society and the environment
• D. social constructionism applies standard which demand new theorizing and approaches

Explanation: Critical realists may criticise constructionism for neglecting scientific reality or focusing too heavily on social interactions, but…

• A. more resource to be directed towards economic growth
• B. more resources to be put into Third World development
• C. growth that minimizes resource depletion and pollution
• D. fewer resources to be directed towards economic growth

Explanation: Sustainable development does not reject growth; it seeks economic and social progress while reducing resource depletion and pollution.

• A. development that protects the environment for future generations even at the expense of the present generation
• B. development which meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• C. a type of development which put the interests of developing countries ahead of the interests of the rich nations
• D. development that is capable of maintaining sustainable economic growth for all countries of the worldPeople & Society

Explanation: The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development through intergenerational equity: meeting present needs without reducing future…

• A. they involve transplanting genes from one organism to another
• B. the genes used cannot spread into the wider environment
• C. we can say with certainty that they are risk-free
• D. they have been accepted by consumers in all countries

Explanation: Genetic modification directly alters an organism by transferring or inserting selected genetic material, sometimes from a different…

• A. Global cities are characterized by centralized manufacturing and production activities.
• B. Global cities are major urban centers of commerce on which corporations rely.
• C. Global cities result from decentralized managerial and financial operations.
• D. Global cities result from changes in world population

Explanation: Global cities are key nodes in the world economy, providing concentrated financial, commercial and corporate services on which…

• A. economic development will lead to a reduction in fertility
• B. governments consider modern contraceptive measures to be a threat to the preservation and continuation of their way of life.
• C. if contraceptives are made available and if information about the value and need for birth planning is disseminated people will reduce their fertility
• D. people can be coerced into using family planning techniques

Explanation: The family planning approach assumes that fertility falls when people can obtain modern contraceptives and receive information about the…

• A. an economic crisis in the capitalist system would force factory owners into the ranks of the unemployed
• B. self-control would restrain population growth.
• C. the problems associated with population growth are a function of the scarcity of wealth
• D. an excess of the working-class population depends on the availability of employment opportunities not on fixed supply of food.

Explanation: Marx rejected Malthus's idea that population pressure is determined by a fixed food supply; he linked surplus population to the capitalist…