All Free Sociology MCQs with Answers
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1258 questions · page 20 of 126
191. The shift form civil religion to common religion means that________________?
- A. the increasing bureaucracy of the state has made religion only a marginal part of our lives
- B. despite the weakening of traditional authority our everyday lives and common sense remain shaped by religious beliefs and values
- C. religious participation in collective worship may have declined but people still practise their faiths in private
- D. people are much more likely to discuss their religious beliefs in public informal settingsTake Sociology Courses
Explanation: The shift to common religion means that formal religious authority may weaken while religious ideas and values continue to shape everyday assumptions and common sense. Option c describes private practice, but not the broader cultural influence expressed in the question.
Correct answer: despite the weakening of traditional authority our everyday lives and common sense remain shaped by religious beliefs and values192. Of the two types of religious organizations that have a negative relationship with society which one accepts pluralistic legitimacy ?
- A. a cult
- B. a sect
- C. a church
- D. a denomination
Explanation: Cults are loosely organised groups that generally accept religious pluralism and coexist alongside other beliefs, whereas sects usually reject the surrounding society and claim exclusive truth. Thus the cult is the negative-relationship organisation that accepts pluralistic legitimacy.
Correct answer: a cult193. The term ______ refers to the socially shared and organized ways of thinking feeling and acting that concern ultimate meanings about the existence of the supernatural or "beyond" ?
- A. animism
- B. religion
- C. socialization
- D. totemism
Explanation: Religion consists of socially organised beliefs and practices concerned with ultimate meanings, including the supernatural or a reality beyond the ordinary world. Animism and totemism are specific religious forms, not the general term.
Correct answer: religion194. Which of these bests describes Islamic revivalism in the contemporary world ?
- A. traditional practices and modes of life have been revived but combined with concerns that relate specifically to modern times
- B. a growing belief in literal interpretations of sacred texts
- C. a uniquely political phenomenon associated with introducing Islamic principles into laws and government
- D. traditional practices and modes of life have been revived without any reference to recent historical events involving external non-Islam countries
Explanation: Contemporary Islamic revivalism combines renewed commitment to traditional practices with responses to modern political, social and global conditions. It is therefore broader than either literalist belief or the specifically political project of imposing Islamic law.
Correct answer: traditional practices and modes of life have been revived but combined with concerns that relate specifically to modern times195. Which is the most recently established of the greatest world religions ?
- A. Judaism
- B. Islam
- C. Hinduism
- D. Christianity
Explanation: Islam is the most recently established of these major world religions, emerging in seventh-century Arabia. Christianity began in the first century CE, while Judaism and Hinduism have much older origins.
Correct answer: Islam196. What is religious fundamentalism ?
- A. strict or literal adherence to basic religious principles and beliefs
- B. acceptance and use of violent means to transform secular societies
- C. commitment to the fundamental beliefs of charismatic leaders
- D. religious beliefs associated with new age sects
Explanation: Religious fundamentalism stresses strict adherence to foundational beliefs, scriptures and practices, often through a literal interpretation. It is not necessarily violent and is distinct from charismatic leadership or New Age religion.
Correct answer: strict or literal adherence to basic religious principles and beliefs197. Which of the following is with 20 million adherents the largest non-Christian faith in Europe ?
- A. Judaism
- B. Buddhism
- C. Islam
- D. Hinduism
Explanation: Islam is Europe's largest non-Christian faith by adherent population, with especially large communities in countries such as France, Germany and the United Kingdom. Judaism, Buddhism and Hinduism have substantially smaller European populations.
Correct answer: Islam198. Which is the oldest of the world religions being at least 6,000 years old ?
- A. Islam
- B. Confucianism
- C. Buddhism
- D. Hinduism
Explanation: Hinduism is generally regarded as the oldest surviving major world religion, with roots extending back more than 3,000 years and often dated to around 4,000 or more years. The other listed religions emerged later.
Correct answer: Hinduism199. In pre-Communist China the aged were______________?
- A. Authority figures
- B. Retired in isolation
- C. Honored but restrained
- D. None of these
Explanation: Confucian values in pre-Communist China gave older people high status as sources of wisdom, family authority and tradition. Their age therefore brought authority rather than retirement in isolation.
Correct answer: Authority figures200. Ascribed status as the name explains is one______________?
- A. Achieved through effort
- B. Ascribed to use by society
- C. Both a and b
- D. None of these
Explanation: An ascribed status is assigned at birth or involuntarily by society, such as age, sex or family background, rather than earned through personal effort. Option b is awkwardly worded but expresses this meaning.
Correct answer: Ascribed to use by society