All Free Psychology MCQs with Answers

• A. learning
• B. the size of the group
• C. the material studied
• D. musicTry Science Kits

Explanation: The independent variable is the factor deliberately changed by the researcher, which here is whether students study with background music.

• A. even though appropriate statistics were used, no differences could be detected between experimental and control groups
• B. the results have important implications for theory or practice
• C. differences between experimental and control group of this size occur by chance only 5 times out of 100 (or less)
• D. differences between experimental and control groups were so large they could never occur by chance aloneSupport Disease Research

Explanation: Statistical significance usually means that a difference this large would occur by chance only at or below the chosen probability level…

• A. psychologists must treat all subjects with respect and concern for the subject's dignity
• B. psychologists must avoid deception with using human subjects
• C. all data collected from a person must be made public
• D. all psychological harm to subjects must be corrected by counseling

Explanation: APA ethics require researchers to protect participants' dignity, welfare, and rights throughout the study.

• A. randomly from the larger population
• B. strictly from volunteers
• C. by threatening or coercing institutionalized populations
• D. from confidential lists of mall order firms

Explanation: Random selection gives members of the larger population a known chance of being included, improving the likelihood that the sample…

• A. pure speculation
• B. direct observation
• C. deduction from direct observation
• D. prior predictionTake Psychology Courses

Explanation: The researcher directly observed rapid eye movements and participants' dream reports, then inferred a relationship between them.

• A. it provides an overabundance of information
• B. it deals with behavior not tampered with by outside influences
• C. it limits biased observation through careful record keeping
• D. it does not identify the cause of observed behavior

Explanation: Naturalistic observation records behavior in its normal setting but does not allow the researcher to manipulate variables, so it cannot…

• A. they are assigned to experimental and control group from a sample which is representative of the larger population
• B. they each have an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental or control group
• C. they are assigned to experimental and control group so that the group differ on some critical variable before the experiment begins
• D. neither the experimenter nor the subject knows whether the subject is in the experimental or control group

Explanation: Random assignment means every participant has an equal chance of entering any experimental group, helping distribute individual…

• A. experimental regression
• B. naturalistic observation
• C. controlled experimentation
• D. clinical case study

Explanation: Naturalistic observation records behaviour in its normal setting without deliberately manipulating the situation.

• A. the independent variable
• B. a control variable
• C. an extraneous variable
• D. the dependent variable

Explanation: The dependent variable is the outcome measured by the researcher. Here, ginseng intake is manipulated and IQ score is measured to see…

• A. researchers misrepresent their date
• B. a theory must be defined so it can be dis confirmed
• C. theories are rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them
• D. nothingMental Health

Explanation: A falsifiable theory makes predictions that evidence could potentially show to be wrong or disconfirm.

• A. explanation
• B. theory
• C. prediction
• D. description

Explanation: Naturalistic observation measures behaviour in its ordinary environment without experimental manipulation, so its immediate product is a…

• A. carefully design controlled situations in which to observe behavior
• B. Rely on observations of subjects' responses to nares
• C. observe behavior as it happens outside the laboratory or clinic
• D. make records of the behavior of clients treated in therapy

Explanation: Naturalistic observation involves recording behaviour as it naturally occurs outside a laboratory or clinic, without imposing a controlled…

• A. naturalistic observation
• B. the correlational method
• C. a controlled experiment
• D. the survey methodGet Study Guides

Explanation: The correlational method assesses the degree and direction of relationship between two measured events or variables.

• A. All subject get the experimental procedure
• B. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is know only to the experimenter
• C. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is not know to subjects or experimenters
• D. all subjects get control

Explanation: In a double-blind procedure, neither the participants nor the researchers who interact with them know who receives the experimental…

• A. researchers misrepresent their data
• B. a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed
• C. theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them
• D. nothing

Explanation: Falsifiability means a theory must make claims that evidence could potentially show to be false.

• A. the stimulus intensity that can be detected 100% of the time
• B. the stimulus intensity that can be detected 50% of the time
• C. the minimum amount of difference in intensity needed to tell two stimuli apart
• D. a constant proportion of the size of the initial stimulus

Explanation: Because detection varies with attention and other conditions, the absolute threshold is conventionally set at the stimulus intensity…

• A. counterconditioning
• B. meta - analysis
• C. factor analysis
• D. electric therapy

Explanation: A meta-analysis statistically combines findings from many separate studies to estimate the overall evidence for a treatment.

• A. therapeutic touch.
• B. regression toward the mean
• C. the double - blind technique
• D. transference

Explanation: Regression toward the mean means that unusually severe scores often become closer to average on later measurement, even without effective…

• A. the simultaneous use or two or more therapeutic treatments in the hope that at least one will be effective.
• B. replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response.
• C. blocking anxiety - arousing material from consciousness during therapy.
• D. a procedure in which neither patients nor health care staff know whether a given patient is receiving a drug or placebo

Explanation: In a double-blind procedure, neither the participants nor the researchers or healthcare staff know who receives the active treatment and…

• A. sampling accuracy
• B. reliability
• C. validity
• D. predictability

Explanation: Reliability is the consistency of a measurement, including its ability to produce similar results when the same phenomenon is measured…