Free Endocrine Physiology MCQs with Answers
74 Endocrine Physiology MCQs from Physiology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
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- A. Hyper excitability of wrist muscle
- B. All of the above
- C. Tetanus
- D. Weak heart action
Explanation: Hypocalcaemia increases neuronal and muscle membrane excitability, causing tetany or carpopedal spasm, and can reduce myocardial…
Correct answer: All of the above- A. TSH
- B. GRH
- C. Prolactin
- D. Somatostatin
Explanation: Prolactin is chiefly restrained by hypothalamic dopamine, which continuously inhibits its secretion.
Correct answer: Prolactin- A. Anderogen
- B. Estrogen
- C. Thyroid hormone
- D. Nor epinephrine
Explanation: Norepinephrine has little direct physiological role in regulating bone calcium compared with estrogen, androgen and thyroid hormone.
Correct answer: Nor epinephrine- A. Somatotropins
- B. Oxytocin
- C. Thyroid hormone
- D. Estrogen
Explanation: Oxytocin primarily causes uterine contraction and milk ejection, not body growth.
Correct answer: Oxytocin- A. Granular cells of adrenal gland
- B. Chief cells of thyroid
- C. Parafollicular cells of thyroid
- D. Stratum fasciculata of adrenal gland
Explanation: Calcitonin is secreted by thyroid parafollicular, or C, cells when blood calcium rises.
Correct answer: Parafollicular cells of thyroid- A. K+ secretion
- B. Water excretion
- C. Na+ absorption
- D. Water reabsorption
Explanation: ADH increases water permeability in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts, causing greater water reabsorption and concentrated…
Correct answer: Water reabsorption- A. Parathyroid hormone
- B. Glucagon
- C. Thyroxine
- D. Cortisol
Explanation: Cortisol has a permissive effect on catecholamines, increasing vascular smooth-muscle responsiveness and helping maintain blood pressure.
Correct answer: Cortisol- A. Growth hormone
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Rickets
- D. Parathyroid
Explanation: Thyroxine deficiency in early childhood causes cretinism, characterized by severe growth retardation and intellectual disability…
Correct answer: Thyroxine- A. Cushing syndrome
- B. Graves' disease
- C. Addison disease
- D. Acromegaly
Explanation: Cortisol deficiency produces primary adrenal insufficiency, called Addison disease, often with weakness, weight loss and hypotension.
Correct answer: Addison disease- A. Growth hormones
- B. Thyroid hormone
- C. Corticosteroid
- D. Epinephrine
Explanation: Fear rapidly activates the sympathetic adrenal response, releasing epinephrine for the immediate fight-or-flight reaction.
Correct answer: Epinephrine- A. Parathormone
- B. Calcitonin
- C. Thyroxine
- D. Adrenaline
Explanation: A fall in serum calcium stimulates parathyroid hormone release, which raises calcium through effects on bone, kidneys and activation of…
Correct answer: Parathormone- A. Acromegaly
- B. Gigantism
- C. Cretinism
- D. Myxodedema
Explanation: Thyroid hormone deficiency during childhood impairs brain development and growth, producing cretinism.
Correct answer: Cretinism- A. Adrenaline
- B. Noradrenaline
- C. Cortisol
- D. Aldosterone
Explanation: Conn’s disease is primary hyperaldosteronism, usually caused by an adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia.
Correct answer: Aldosterone- A. Insulin glargine
- B. Insulin lispro
- C. Insulin aspart
- D. Lente insulin
Explanation: Insulin glargine forms a relatively steady subcutaneous depot and has no pronounced peak, making it a basal, peakless insulin analogue.
Correct answer: Insulin glargine