All Free Pedagogy MCQs with Answers

• A. None of these
• B. Idealism
• C. Psychoanalysis
• D. Functionalism

Explanation: Functionalism explains behaviour and mental activity through their practical role in helping an organism adjust to its environment.

• A. William James
• B. James Joyce
• C. John Dewey
• D. Hobbit

Explanation: William James described consciousness as a continuous stream rather than a collection of separable sensations or ideas.

• A. Behaviorism
• B. Structuralism
• C. Functionalism
• D. None of these

Explanation: Functionalism asks what the mind does and how its processes operate in helping a person adapt.

• A. Aristotle
• B. Alexander
• C. Ibn-e-Khaldun
• D. John Dewey

Explanation: John Dewey was an important later functionalist who applied functionalist ideas to education and learning.

• A. Adjustment of the organism to its environment
• B. Adjustments of students in classroom
• C. Adjustment of governing bodies in local education system
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Functionalism opened psychology to the study of how organisms adjust to their environments.

• A. Naturalism
• B. Behaviorism
• C. General psychology
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Behaviourism introduced an explicitly objective and scientific approach by studying observable behaviour under controlled conditions.

• A. Structuralism
• B. Gestalt theory
• C. Humanistic Realism
• D. Behaviorism

Explanation: Behaviourism argued that consciousness is private and cannot be directly observed or measured scientifically, so psychology should study…

• A. Behaviourism
• B. Functionalism
• C. Humanistic psychology
• D. Structuralism

Explanation: Behaviourism focuses on observable behaviour and explains it through environmental stimuli, responses and learning.

• A. Functionalism
• B. Behaviorism
• C. Structuralism
• D. None of these

Explanation: Behaviorism explains personality and behavior mainly through environmental conditioning and learned responses.

• A. Structuralism
• B. Functionalism
• C. Behaviourism
• D. Psychoanalytic

Explanation: Watson founded behaviorism, while Pavlov's conditioning research and Skinner's operant conditioning became major foundations of the…

• A. Behaviourism
• B. Transpersonal psychology
• C. Psychoanalytic school
• D. None of these

Explanation: John B. Watson is regarded as the founder and leading early exponent of behaviourism.

• A. Idealism
• B. Behaviourism
• C. Structuralism
• D. Formalism

Explanation: Behaviourism explains growth in behaviour through environmental influences, conditioning, and learning experiences.

• A. Reward & punishment
• B. Reinforcement
• C. All of these
• D. Stimulus

Explanation: Behaviourism changes behaviour through consequences such as rewards and punishments, reinforcement, and controlling stimulus conditions.

• A. Animal nature
• B. Nature
• C. Human nature
• D. Nature of soul

Explanation: Behaviourists studied animals because conditioning experiments could reveal general principles of learning applicable to human behaviour.

• A. Scientific method
• B. Assignment method
• C. Presentation method
• D. None of these

Explanation: Behaviourists replaced introspective methods with the scientific method, especially controlled observation and experimentation.

• A. Functionalism
• B. Behaviorism
• C. Naturalism
• D. Structuralism

Explanation: Behaviourism restricts psychological study primarily to observable and measurable behaviour.

• A. Kohler
• B. B. F. Skinner
• C. J. B. Watson
• D. None of these

Explanation: Watson rejected consciousness as a proper subject for scientific psychology and treated it as an unhelpful concept.

• A. Personality
• B. Soul
• C. Living condition
• D. Experience

Explanation: In behaviourism, differences in behaviour are explained by differences in an individual's learning experiences and conditioning history.

• A. All of the above
• B. Skinner and Hall
• C. Lashley Tolman
• D. Watson and Pavlov

Explanation: Watson, Pavlov, Skinner, Hall, Lashley, and Tolman are commonly discussed among behaviourist or neobehaviourist theorists.

• A. None of these
• B. School of Psychoanalysis
• C. Humanistic Psychology
• D. Gestalt psychology

Explanation: Gestalt psychology opposed the molecular approach, which reduced behaviour to separate stimulus-response elements.