All Free Fundamentals of Nursing MCQs with Answers

Every Fundamentals of Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.

500 questions · page 21 of 25

  • A. 8 to 11 breaths per minute
  • B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute
  • C. 21 to 28 breaths per minute
  • D. 29 to 36 breaths per minute

Explanation: A normal resting adult respiratory rate is generally 12 to 20 breaths per minute.

Correct answer: 12 to 20 breaths per minute
Fairly easy
  • A. Place the cuff over a thick sleeve with the arm hanging down
  • B. Use a cuff that covers half of the upper-arm circumference
  • C. Support the bare arm at heart level before inflating the cuff
  • D. Ask the patient to talk normally while the pressure is released

Explanation: The bare arm should be supported at heart level, with an appropriately sized cuff and the patient resting quietly.

Correct answer: Support the bare arm at heart level before inflating the cuff
  • A. Document the value and repeat it at the end of the shift
  • B. Apply oxygen according to protocol and assess the patient's breathing
  • C. Offer oral fluids and ask the patient to rest in bed
  • D. Measure the temperature before taking any further action

Explanation: The sudden fall in oxygen saturation with breathlessness indicates impaired breathing, so airway and breathing take priority.

Correct answer: Apply oxygen according to protocol and assess the patient's breathing
  • A. Measure it immediately before the mouth cools
  • B. Wait about 15 minutes before measuring it
  • C. Measure it under the tongue while the patient talks
  • D. Use the same oral reading without any reassessment

Explanation: Hot or cold drinks can temporarily alter an oral temperature. The nurse should wait about 15 minutes and place the thermometer correctly…

Correct answer: Wait about 15 minutes before measuring it
Fairly easy
  • A. Ask the patient to describe the pain only at the next shift
  • B. Reassess the pain after the expected onset of the analgesic
  • C. Record the pain as absent because medicine was administered
  • D. Use the patient's pulse rate instead of asking about pain

Explanation: Pain is subjective, so the patient's rating remains the main measure of response.

Correct answer: Reassess the pain after the expected onset of the analgesic
Fairly easy
  • A. Recheck the pulse after the patient rests quietly
  • B. Document the value as the patient’s baseline
  • C. Apply a cold compress to reduce the pulse
  • D. Ask the patient to walk to confirm the reading

Explanation: A resting pulse above the expected adult range should first be confirmed after the patient rests quietly, using a full one-minute count if…

Correct answer: Recheck the pulse after the patient rests quietly
  • A. Tell the patient to breathe deeply for one minute
  • B. Count chest movements while pretending to assess the pulse
  • C. Ask the patient to hold the breath during counting
  • D. Count only the inspirations for thirty seconds

Explanation: The nurse can continue holding the patient’s wrist after counting the pulse and discreetly observe chest or abdominal movements.

Correct answer: Count chest movements while pretending to assess the pulse
  • A. 82% to 86%
  • B. 88% to 92%
  • C. 95% to 100%
  • D. 101% to 105%

Explanation: For most healthy adults at sea level, oxygen saturation is generally about 95% to 100% on room air.

Correct answer: 95% to 100%
Very hard
  • A. Record the temperature without further assessment
  • B. Recheck the temperature immediately using the same method
  • C. Assess the patient and confirm the temperature after warming
  • D. Give an antipyretic before checking other findings

Explanation: Shivering and environmental exposure can affect the temperature reading and also indicate a possible developing fever.

Correct answer: Assess the patient and confirm the temperature after warming
  • A. Sleep
  • B. Moderate exercise
  • C. Beta blocker therapy
  • D. Deep relaxation

Explanation: Moderate exercise increases sympathetic activity and normally raises the pulse temporarily.

Correct answer: Moderate exercise
  • A. Ignore the readings because the patient has no symptoms
  • B. Repeat the measurement and assess for related symptoms
  • C. Give an antihypertensive dose without a prescription
  • D. Ask the patient to exercise before the next reading

Explanation: A progressive rise is a clinically important trend even when the patient feels well.

Correct answer: Repeat the measurement and assess for related symptoms
  • A. Standing with the arm unsupported
  • B. Sitting with feet supported and arm at heart level
  • C. Cross-legged with the arm below the heart
  • D. Supine with the arm hanging beside the body

Explanation: A supported back, uncrossed feet, and an arm supported at heart level help reduce measurement error.

Correct answer: Sitting with feet supported and arm at heart level
  • A. Pain score of 7 out of 10
  • B. Pulse rate of 124 beats per minute
  • C. Blood pressure of 88/54 mmHg with shock signs
  • D. Cool skin after the patient received analgesia

Explanation: Hypotension combined with tachycardia, cool clammy skin, and chest pain suggests impaired circulation and possible shock or acute cardiac…

Correct answer: Blood pressure of 88/54 mmHg with shock signs
  • A. Increase the oxygen flow immediately without reassessment
  • B. Warm the hand and reposition the sensor before rechecking
  • C. Document severe hypoxaemia and leave the patient undisturbed
  • D. Place the sensor over a blood pressure cuff for a stronger signal

Explanation: Cold peripheral tissue and a weak signal can cause an inaccurate low saturation reading.

Correct answer: Warm the hand and reposition the sensor before rechecking
  • A. 48 beats per minute
  • B. 76 beats per minute
  • C. 108 beats per minute
  • D. 124 beats per minute

Explanation: A normal resting adult pulse is generally 60 to 100 beats per minute, so 76 is expected.

Correct answer: 76 beats per minute
  • A. The systolic pressure reads falsely low
  • B. The diastolic pressure reads falsely low
  • C. Both pressures read falsely high
  • D. The pulse rate reads falsely high

Explanation: A cuff that is too small or narrow requires greater pressure to compress the artery, producing a falsely high blood pressure reading.

Correct answer: Both pressures read falsely high
  • A. Count for 15 seconds and multiply by four
  • B. Count for 30 seconds and multiply by two
  • C. Count the apical pulse for a full minute
  • D. Estimate the rate from the monitor display

Explanation: An irregular pulse should be counted at the apical site for a full minute to identify the true rate and rhythm.

Correct answer: Count the apical pulse for a full minute
Moderate
  • A. Recheck the temperature using the same device
  • B. Call the rapid response team immediately
  • C. Give an antipyretic without a prescription
  • D. Document the reading without further assessment

Explanation: The nurse should verify an unexpected abnormal finding and assess the patient before deciding whether escalation is needed.

Correct answer: Recheck the temperature using the same device
Moderate
  • A. Radial artery at the wrist
  • B. Dorsalis pedis artery on the foot
  • C. Carotid artery in the neck
  • D. Posterior tibial artery behind the ankle

Explanation: The carotid pulse is a central pulse and is more dependable when peripheral circulation is poor.

Correct answer: Carotid artery in the neck
Easy
  • A. Assist the patient back to a safe position
  • B. Ask the patient to walk to improve circulation
  • C. Repeat the reading after strenuous exercise
  • D. Record the result as a normal variation

Explanation: Dizziness with a substantial postural fall in blood pressure creates an immediate risk of syncope and injury.

Correct answer: Assist the patient back to a safe position