All Free Fundamentals of Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Fundamentals of Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
500 questions · page 1 of 25
- A. Patient says, "I feel dizzy" after standing.
- B. Patient appears anxious and looks very unwell.
- C. Patient is difficult and refuses all treatment.
- D. Patient seems uncomfortable during the procedure.
Explanation: The statement in option A records the patient’s own words, making it subjective data documented accurately.
Correct answer: Patient says, "I feel dizzy" after standing.- A. Erase the error and write the correct entry.
- B. Cover the error with correction fluid and rewrite it.
- C. Draw one line through it, then sign and date it.
- D. Remove the page and complete a replacement page.
Explanation: A single line keeps the original entry readable, while the nurse adds the correction, date, time, and signature according to facility…
Correct answer: Draw one line through it, then sign and date it.- A. Complete an incident report before assessing the patient.
- B. Assess the patient and notify the prescriber promptly.
- C. Document that no harm occurred and continue the dose.
- D. Wait until the next shift to discuss the medication error.
Explanation: The patient’s immediate safety and assessment take priority after a medication error.
Correct answer: Assess the patient and notify the prescriber promptly.- A. It replaces the patient’s progress note about the event.
- B. It is used to record facts about an unusual event.
- C. It is placed in the patient’s medical record for review.
- D. It is completed only when the patient has an injury.
Explanation: An incident report records factual details of an unusual event, including events that cause no injury or near misses.
Correct answer: It is used to record facts about an unusual event.- A. The patient was admitted with pneumonia yesterday.
- B. The patient’s respiratory rate is 30 per minute and oxygen saturation is 88%.
- C. The patient needs review by the medical officer now.
- D. The patient has a history of chronic bronchitis.
Explanation: Assessment states the nurse’s current clinical findings and interpretation, such as abnormal respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.
Correct answer: The patient’s respiratory rate is 30 per minute and oxygen saturation is 88%.- A. Do not worry because the operation is routine.
- B. You sound frightened; what concerns you most?
- C. You should ask the surgeon about the operation.
- D. Many patients feel this way before surgery.
Explanation: This response acknowledges the patient’s emotion and uses an open question to encourage expression of concerns.
Correct answer: You sound frightened; what concerns you most?- A. Continue speaking quietly because no visitors are nearby.
- B. Discuss the results only with staff directly involved in care.
- C. Ask a relative to explain the results to the patient.
- D. Write the results on the ward noticeboard for the team.
Explanation: Confidential information should be shared only with healthcare professionals who need it for the patient’s care, using a private setting.
Correct answer: Discuss the results only with staff directly involved in care.- A. Patient fell because she is careless and confused.
- B. Patient found sitting on the floor beside the bed at 10:15 am.
- C. Patient had an accident and was probably frightened.
- D. Patient fell safely, so no further action was required.
Explanation: The entry records what the nurse observed, including the location and time, without assigning blame or guessing the cause.
Correct answer: Patient found sitting on the floor beside the bed at 10:15 am.- A. Accept the order and administer it without repeating it.
- B. Ask another nurse to remember the order for the next shift.
- C. Repeat the prescription back and record it according to policy.
- D. Wait for the prescriber to visit before recording the prescription.
Explanation: Read-back or repeat-back confirms that the prescription was heard correctly and reduces errors in names, doses, and routes.
Correct answer: Repeat the prescription back and record it according to policy.- A. Ask about the patient’s pain score before taking action.
- B. Check the patient immediately and call for urgent assistance.
- C. Complete the handover notes before visiting the patient.
- D. Offer oral fluids and reassess the patient after 30 minutes.
Explanation: Hypotension, pallor, and increasing drain output suggest possible postoperative haemorrhage, so circulation and immediate patient…
Correct answer: Check the patient immediately and call for urgent assistance.- A. Temperature is 38.4°C by oral thermometer
- B. Patient states, "My pain is 8 out of 10"
- C. Respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute
- D. Skin is cool and clammy on examination
Explanation: Subjective data are symptoms or feelings reported by the patient, such as a pain score.
Correct answer: Patient states, "My pain is 8 out of 10"- A. Enter it in the earlier time slot without explanation
- B. Add a dated and timed late entry with the current time
- C. Ask another nurse to add the finding to the record
- D. Write it on a separate paper and keep it with the chart
Explanation: A late entry should be clearly labelled, dated and timed, and should state when the assessment actually occurred.
Correct answer: Add a dated and timed late entry with the current time- A. Medication given because it remains prescribed
- B. Medication refused, reason given, and prescriber informed
- C. Medication omitted without an entry to avoid blame
- D. Medication held and recorded as a medication error
Explanation: The nurse records the refusal, the patient’s stated reason when available, the assessment, and the actions taken, including notification…
Correct answer: Medication refused, reason given, and prescriber informed- A. Patient reports nausea after breakfast
- B. Blood pressure is 90/58 mmHg
- C. Nurse concludes that dehydration is suspected
- D. Encourage oral fluids as tolerated
Explanation: The assessment section contains the nurse’s clinical interpretation of the subjective and objective findings.
Correct answer: Nurse concludes that dehydration is suspected- A. Delete the entry and type a replacement
- B. Use the approved correction or addendum function
- C. Ask a colleague to change the entry under their login
- D. Leave the error because electronic records cannot be corrected
Explanation: The nurse should use the approved correction or addendum process so the original entry remains visible with an audit trail.
Correct answer: Use the approved correction or addendum function- A. The patient was admitted with pneumonia
- B. The patient has increasing work of breathing
- C. The oxygen saturation is 89% on 4 litres
- D. Please review the patient immediately and consider urgent treatment
Explanation: Recommendation states what action or response the nurse is requesting. The admission diagnosis is situation or background, the breathing…
Correct answer: Please review the patient immediately and consider urgent treatment- A. You should try to stay positive about the diagnosis
- B. Why are you refusing to talk about your illness?
- C. I notice this is difficult; what concerns you most now?
- D. Many patients feel this way, so there is no need to worry
Explanation: This response uses an observation and an open-ended, nonjudgmental question to invite the patient to share concerns.
Correct answer: I notice this is difficult; what concerns you most now?- A. Share only necessary information in a private setting
- B. Discuss the full history where visitors cannot hear clearly
- C. Send the record through a personal messaging application
- D. Leave the printed handover sheet at the nurses’ station
Explanation: Confidential communication uses the minimum information needed for care and occurs through an approved private channel.
Correct answer: Share only necessary information in a private setting- A. Record the report and reassess the patient at the next round
- B. Assess airway, breathing, circulation and immediate safety
- C. Ask the family to explain whether confusion is usual
- D. Complete routine documentation before seeing the patient
Explanation: Acute confusion may signal hypoxia, poor perfusion, hypoglycaemia or another urgent problem, so immediate assessment and safety take…
Correct answer: Assess airway, breathing, circulation and immediate safety- A. Tell the family because relatives should always be informed
- B. Promise that no healthcare worker will ever know
- C. Ask about the patient’s wishes and explain confidentiality limits
- D. Tell the family only if they call the nurses’ station repeatedly
Explanation: The nurse should explore the patient’s preference, protect privacy and explain that information is shared only with consent or when…
Correct answer: Ask about the patient’s wishes and explain confidentiality limits