All Free Fundamentals of Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Fundamentals of Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
500 questions · page 25 of 25
- A. Wound dehiscence
- B. Wound evisceration
- C. Wound contraction
- D. Wound epithelialisation
Explanation: Dehiscence means partial or complete separation of wound layers, often involving a surgical incision.
Correct answer: Wound dehiscence- A. Deep tissue pressure injury
- B. Stage 1 pressure injury
- C. Stage 2 pressure injury
- D. Unstageable pressure injury
Explanation: A deep tissue pressure injury may present with intact or non-intact skin, persistent maroon or purple discoloration, or a blood-filled…
Correct answer: Deep tissue pressure injury- A. Venous insufficiency
- B. Arterial embolism
- C. Acute lymphatic obstruction
- D. Excessive arterial perfusion
Explanation: Venous insufficiency commonly causes lower-leg ulcers near the ankle, oedema, irregular wound edges, and hemosiderin-related brown skin…
Correct answer: Venous insufficiency- A. Hydrocolloid dressing
- B. Dry gauze packing
- C. Transparent film only
- D. Rigid foam board
Explanation: Hydrocolloid dressings form a moist gel over clean, shallow wounds with low to moderate exudate and can support autolytic debridement.
Correct answer: Hydrocolloid dressing- A. For a chronic wound with no entry into a sterile body cavity
- B. For a fresh wound during the first postoperative hour
- C. For a wound connected to a sterile drain system
- D. For a dressing applied directly inside an open joint
Explanation: Clean technique may be appropriate for selected chronic wounds when the procedure does not enter a sterile body cavity and local policy…
Correct answer: For a chronic wound with no entry into a sterile body cavity- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin B12
Explanation: Vitamin C is needed for collagen formation and supports connective tissue repair.
Correct answer: Vitamin C- A. Keep the leg in a dependent position and assess perfusion
- B. Elevate the leg above heart level for most of the day
- C. Apply a tight elastic bandage around the affected limb
- D. Massage the ulcer area to improve circulation
Explanation: Arterial insufficiency commonly causes pain with elevation because gravity reduces blood flow to the distal tissues.
Correct answer: Keep the leg in a dependent position and assess perfusion- A. New thin pink skin grows across the wound surface
- B. The wound becomes covered with thick yellow slough
- C. The surrounding area develops increasing warmth and purulent fluid
- D. The wound edges become black and dry
Explanation: Epithelialisation occurs when new epithelial cells migrate across the wound surface, producing thin pink or pearly new skin.
Correct answer: New thin pink skin grows across the wound surface- A. Collagen is reorganised and tensile strength increases
- B. Neutrophils migrate into the wound and remove bacteria
- C. Platelets form a clot and stop active bleeding
- D. Fibroblasts begin depositing new collagen fibres
Explanation: During remodelling, collagen fibres are reorganised and the wound gradually gains strength, although healed tissue does not regain full…
Correct answer: Collagen is reorganised and tensile strength increases- A. Healing by primary intention
- B. Healing by secondary intention
- C. Healing by tertiary intention
- D. Healing by epithelial intention
Explanation: Secondary intention occurs when wound edges cannot be approximated, so the wound fills with granulation tissue and contracts before…
Correct answer: Healing by secondary intention- A. Alginate dressing
- B. Transparent film dressing
- C. Hydrocolloid dressing
- D. Thin hydrogel sheet
Explanation: Alginate dressings are useful for wounds with moderate to heavy drainage because they absorb exudate and form a soft gel.
Correct answer: Alginate dressing- A. Healthy granulation tissue
- B. Adherent slough
- C. New epithelial tissue
- D. Black eschar tissue
Explanation: Slough is usually yellow, tan, or grey and may appear stringy or loosely attached to the wound bed.
Correct answer: Adherent slough- A. Apply firm support over the incision during coughing
- B. Place the patient flat and restrict all movement
- C. Remove the dressing to inspect the incision immediately
- D. Encourage forceful coughing without supporting the wound
Explanation: Supporting the incision with the hands or a pillow during coughing reduces tension on the wound edges.
Correct answer: Apply firm support over the incision during coughing- A. Place a pillow under the calves to float the heels
- B. Massage reddened skin over each heel every shift
- C. Keep the heels directly against the mattress
- D. Place a ring-shaped device beneath each heel
Explanation: A pillow under the calves can elevate the heels so they do not bear direct pressure against the mattress.
Correct answer: Place a pillow under the calves to float the heels- A. Report the impaired perfusion promptly
- B. Apply a tight compression bandage to the foot
- C. Elevate the leg well above heart level
- D. Cover the wound with a warm heating pad
Explanation: The findings suggest impaired arterial circulation, which can rapidly threaten tissue viability and delay healing, so the nurse should…
Correct answer: Report the impaired perfusion promptly- A. Place the dressing from the wound outward
- B. Use the same swab for each cleansing stroke
- C. Return a used swab to the sterile tray
- D. Touch the wound with the sterile glove fingertips
Explanation: For a clean wound, cleansing and dressing application proceed from the least contaminated area near the wound outward.
Correct answer: Place the dressing from the wound outward- A. The wound edges are pink and slightly tender
- B. A small amount of clear drainage is present
- C. The patient develops a new foul odour from the wound
- D. The wound bed contains moist red granulation tissue
Explanation: A new foul odour can indicate bacterial growth or necrotic tissue and requires prompt reassessment with the other clinical findings.
Correct answer: The patient develops a new foul odour from the wound- A. Offer protein-rich foods and reposition regularly
- B. Limit fluids and keep the patient on bed rest
- C. Clean the wound repeatedly and avoid meals
- D. Use a heating pad and reduce position changes
Explanation: Adequate protein supports tissue repair, while regular repositioning reduces prolonged pressure and improves prevention of further injury.
Correct answer: Offer protein-rich foods and reposition regularly- A. Transparent film dressing
- B. Dry cotton gauze dressing
- C. Foam dressing with thick padding
- D. Calcium alginate dressing
Explanation: A transparent film allows continuous observation, protects the wound from friction and contamination, and retains moisture when drainage…
Correct answer: Transparent film dressing- A. Suppression of inflammation and collagen formation
- B. Increase in local blood flow and oxygen delivery
- C. Stimulation of epithelial growth at the wound edges
- D. Increase in white blood cell migration to the wound
Explanation: Long-term corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response and reduce collagen synthesis, which weakens tissue repair and delays wound…
Correct answer: Suppression of inflammation and collagen formation