All Free Fundamentals of Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Fundamentals of Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
500 questions · page 24 of 25
- A. Stage 1 pressure injury
- B. Stage 2 pressure injury
- C. Stage 3 pressure injury
- D. Deep tissue pressure injury
Explanation: Stage 1 is intact skin with non-blanchable erythema over a pressure area.
Correct answer: Stage 1 pressure injury- A. Intact skin with localized non-blanchable redness
- B. Partial-thickness loss with exposed dermis
- C. Full-thickness loss hidden by slough or eschar
- D. Full-thickness loss with visible muscle and tendon
Explanation: An unstageable injury has full-thickness skin and tissue loss, but slough or eschar prevents assessment of the wound depth.
Correct answer: Full-thickness loss hidden by slough or eschar- A. Apply a dry gauze dressing and reassess later
- B. Cover the wound with sterile saline-moistened dressings
- C. Push the exposed organs gently back into the abdomen
- D. Place the patient flat and encourage deep breathing
Explanation: The nurse should protect exposed organs with sterile dressings moistened with normal saline and call for urgent medical assistance.
Correct answer: Cover the wound with sterile saline-moistened dressings- A. A small amount of dried blood at the wound edge
- B. Rapidly increasing bright-red drainage on the dressing
- C. Mild tenderness when the incision is touched
- D. A thin clear drainage line beneath the dressing
Explanation: Rapidly increasing bright-red drainage may indicate active bleeding and threatens circulation, so it requires immediate assessment and…
Correct answer: Rapidly increasing bright-red drainage on the dressing- A. Transparent film dressing
- B. Alginate dressing
- C. Hydrocolloid dressing
- D. Dry cotton dressing
Explanation: Alginate dressings absorb substantial wound exudate and may help control minor bleeding.
Correct answer: Alginate dressing- A. Keeping sterile supplies above waist level
- B. Holding sterile forceps with the tips pointed downward
- C. Reaching across the sterile field to obtain gauze
- D. Opening the outer wrapper away from the body
Explanation: Reaching across a sterile field can allow the sleeve or arm to contaminate the field.
Correct answer: Reaching across the sterile field to obtain gauze- A. Length only, measured from the wound centre
- B. Width only, measured across the widest area
- C. Length, width, and depth measured consistently
- D. Drainage amount and colour without measurements
Explanation: Wound size is documented using length, width, and depth, with the same method and position used for comparison.
Correct answer: Length, width, and depth measured consistently- A. Nicotine improves blood flow to damaged tissue
- B. Smoking increases oxygen delivery to the wound
- C. Smoking causes vasoconstriction and reduces tissue oxygenation
- D. Tobacco smoke prevents all bacterial growth in the wound
Explanation: Nicotine causes vasoconstriction, and carbon monoxide reduces oxygen availability, both of which impair tissue repair.
Correct answer: Smoking causes vasoconstriction and reduces tissue oxygenation- A. White rice with sweetened tea
- B. Chicken, yoghurt, and beans
- C. Clear soup with fruit juice
- D. Black tea with plain biscuits
Explanation: Chicken, yoghurt, and beans provide high-quality protein needed for collagen formation, immune function, and tissue repair.
Correct answer: Chicken, yoghurt, and beans- A. Platelets aggregate and a fibrin clot forms
- B. Fibroblasts deposit collagen into the wound
- C. Epithelial cells migrate across the wound
- D. Scar tissue gradually increases its strength
Explanation: Hemostasis is the first response to injury and limits blood loss through vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and fibrin clot…
Correct answer: Platelets aggregate and a fibrin clot forms- A. Moist, beefy-red tissue that bleeds easily
- B. Dry, black tissue firmly attached to the wound
- C. Yellow, stringy tissue covering the wound base
- D. Pale, smooth tissue with wound edge separation
Explanation: Healthy granulation tissue is moist and red or pink because it contains new capillaries and connective tissue.
Correct answer: Moist, beefy-red tissue that bleeds easily- A. Thin, watery fluid with a pink or light-red colour
- B. Thick, green fluid with a strong unpleasant odour
- C. Bright-red blood flowing rapidly from the wound
- D. Thick, yellow material collected beneath the skin
Explanation: Serosanguineous drainage is a mixture of clear serous fluid and a small amount of blood, giving it a pale pink or light-red appearance.
Correct answer: Thin, watery fluid with a pink or light-red colour- A. A transparent film dressing
- B. A large gauze dressing packed tightly
- C. A dry alginate dressing
- D. A thick abdominal binder alone
Explanation: A transparent film protects a superficial wound from contamination and friction while allowing inspection of the wound.
Correct answer: A transparent film dressing- A. A dry wound with slough and minimal drainage
- B. A wound producing large amounts of watery drainage
- C. A clean wound requiring compression for oedema
- D. A heavily bleeding wound requiring immediate pressure
Explanation: Hydrogels add moisture and can support softening of dry slough in wounds with little drainage.
Correct answer: A dry wound with slough and minimal drainage- A. Stage 1
- B. Stage 2
- C. Stage 3
- D. Stage 4
Explanation: Stage 4 pressure injury involves full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, cartilage…
Correct answer: Stage 4- A. Inspecting colour, temperature, and capillary refill around the wound
- B. Asking whether the patient prefers a larger dressing
- C. Checking whether the previous tape was difficult to remove
- D. Measuring the patient's oral fluid intake for one hour
Explanation: Colour, temperature, and capillary refill provide useful information about local circulation, which is essential for tissue repair.
Correct answer: Inspecting colour, temperature, and capillary refill around the wound- A. Cleanse the wound as prescribed and collect from viable tissue
- B. Apply antibiotic ointment and collect from the old dressing
- C. Collect drainage from the surrounding intact skin
- D. Start the prescribed antibiotic and collect the sample later
Explanation: The wound is cleansed first, and the specimen is collected from viable tissue or fresh drainage according to local policy.
Correct answer: Cleanse the wound as prescribed and collect from viable tissue- A. Gently assess the tract with a sterile applicator and document its direction
- B. Insert a finger forcefully until resistance is felt
- C. Pack the tract tightly before recording its length
- D. Estimate the tract from the amount of drainage present
Explanation: A sterile applicator can gently identify the direction and extent of tunnelling without forcing tissue apart.
Correct answer: Gently assess the tract with a sterile applicator and document its direction- A. The wound edges are approximated with sutures or staples
- B. The wound remains open and fills with granulation tissue
- C. The wound is closed after extensive granulation develops
- D. The wound heals from the base without edge approximation
Explanation: Primary intention occurs when clean wound edges are brought together with sutures, staples, or adhesive.
Correct answer: The wound edges are approximated with sutures or staples- A. Neutrophil
- B. Erythrocyte
- C. Platelet
- D. Lymphocyte
Explanation: Neutrophils migrate early to the wound and help destroy bacteria and remove cellular debris.
Correct answer: Neutrophil