All Free Fundamentals of Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Fundamentals of Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
500 questions · page 23 of 25
- A. Accept the facial expression as proof of mild pain
- B. Use the patient’s self-report as the primary pain measure
- C. Delay assessment until the patient shows guarding
- D. Record the pain as zero because vital signs are normal
Explanation: Pain is subjective, and the patient’s self-report is the most reliable indicator when the patient can communicate.
Correct answer: Use the patient’s self-report as the primary pain measure- A. Carotid artery in the neck
- B. Dorsalis pedis artery on the foot
- C. Temporal artery at the forehead
- D. Ulnar artery at the wrist
Explanation: The carotid artery is a central pulse and is usually easier to palpate when peripheral circulation is reduced.
Correct answer: Carotid artery in the neck- A. Assist the patient to sit or lie down safely
- B. Ask the patient to walk to improve circulation
- C. Repeat the temperature before intervening
- D. Leave the patient alone while obtaining supplies
Explanation: Safety is the immediate priority because the patient may fall from poor perfusion or presyncope.
Correct answer: Assist the patient to sit or lie down safely- A. Temperature of 37.4°C after a warm blanket
- B. Pulse of 88 beats per minute after quiet rest
- C. Respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute after an opioid
- D. Blood pressure of 132/78 mmHg before breakfast
Explanation: A respiratory rate of 6 after an opioid suggests potentially life-threatening respiratory depression, so airway and breathing take…
Correct answer: Respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute after an opioid- A. Between the teeth and inner cheek
- B. Under the tongue in a posterior pocket
- C. On top of the tongue near the frenulum
- D. Against the hard palate behind the incisors
Explanation: The probe is placed in a posterior sublingual pocket, where blood flow gives a reliable oral temperature.
Correct answer: Under the tongue in a posterior pocket- A. On the left arm below the fistula
- B. On the left arm over the fistula
- C. On the right arm if it is clinically suitable
- D. On either arm after applying extra cuff pressure
Explanation: Blood pressure is measured on the opposite arm when an arteriovenous fistula is present.
Correct answer: On the right arm if it is clinically suitable- A. Silence the alarm and document the displayed rate
- B. Assess the patient and confirm the pulse manually
- C. Give the prescribed emergency cardiac medication
- D. Call the family to remain with the patient
Explanation: The nurse first assesses the patient and verifies the monitor reading with a manual pulse because alarms may result from artefact or poor…
Correct answer: Assess the patient and confirm the pulse manually- A. It directly measures the oxygen content of arterial blood
- B. It remains accurate when peripheral circulation is severely poor
- C. It estimates haemoglobin oxygen saturation noninvasively
- D. It replaces assessment of respiratory effort and mental status
Explanation: Pulse oximetry estimates the percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen and does not directly measure total oxygen content.
Correct answer: It estimates haemoglobin oxygen saturation noninvasively- A. A visual analogue line without explanation
- B. A faces pain scale with clear instructions
- C. A blood pressure reading as an indirect measure
- D. The nurse's estimate based on facial expression
Explanation: A faces scale can help a patient who cannot use a numeric scale, provided the nurse explains that the faces represent increasing pain…
Correct answer: A faces pain scale with clear instructions450. Which temperature measurement site should the nurse avoid in a patient with severe neutropenia?
- A. Oral site
- B. Axillary site
- C. Tympanic site
- D. Rectal site
Explanation: The rectal route can injure the rectal mucosa and introduce microorganisms, increasing infection risk in severe neutropenia.
Correct answer: Rectal site- A. Stage 1 pressure injury
- B. Stage 2 pressure injury
- C. Stage 3 pressure injury
- D. Stage 4 pressure injury
Explanation: Stage 3 pressure injury involves full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose and often granulation tissue or undermining, but no exposed…
Correct answer: Stage 3 pressure injury452. Which wound drainage is thin, clear or pale yellow, and commonly seen during normal inflammation?
- A. Purulent drainage
- B. Serosanguineous drainage
- C. Serous drainage
- D. Sanguineous drainage
Explanation: Serous drainage is watery and clear to pale yellow. Purulent drainage is thick and usually indicates infection, sanguineous drainage is…
Correct answer: Serous drainage- A. The wound edges are slightly pink
- B. The patient reports mild discomfort
- C. The wound has increasing purulent drainage
- D. The surrounding skin is mildly dry
Explanation: Increasing purulent drainage with worsening pain and local inflammation suggests wound infection and requires prompt reporting.
Correct answer: The wound has increasing purulent drainage- A. Opening the sterile pack below waist level
- B. Keeping sterile hands above waist level
- C. Touching the wound with a clean gauze pad
- D. Reaching across the sterile field for supplies
Explanation: Sterile hands and supplies are kept above waist level and within the nurse's view.
Correct answer: Keeping sterile hands above waist level- A. Wiping from the outer skin toward the incision
- B. Using the same swab repeatedly over the incision
- C. Cleaning from the incision outward with new swabs
- D. Scrubbing the incision firmly until all redness disappears
Explanation: The nurse cleans from the least contaminated area, usually the incision, outward, using a new swab for each stroke.
Correct answer: Cleaning from the incision outward with new swabs- A. Protein
- B. Sodium
- C. Cholesterol
- D. Simple carbohydrate
Explanation: Protein supplies amino acids needed for collagen formation, immune function, and new tissue growth.
Correct answer: Protein- A. It increases oxygen delivery to the wound
- B. It improves leukocyte activity against bacteria
- C. It reduces infection risk through glycosuria
- D. It impairs circulation and immune function
Explanation: Uncontrolled diabetes can impair circulation, leukocyte function, and collagen formation, increasing infection risk and delaying repair.
Correct answer: It impairs circulation and immune function- A. Remove the dressing quickly without explanation
- B. Give prescribed analgesia before the procedure
- C. Delay all wound assessment until pain ends
- D. Apply antiseptic directly to reduce nerve sensitivity
Explanation: Giving prescribed analgesia with enough time for effect helps reduce procedural pain and supports cooperation.
Correct answer: Give prescribed analgesia before the procedure- A. Massage reddened skin over the sacrum
- B. Reposition the patient at planned intervals
- C. Use a donut-shaped ring under the sacrum
- D. Keep the head of bed elevated as high as possible
Explanation: Regular repositioning relieves pressure and supports tissue perfusion, with the schedule based on the patient's condition and support…
Correct answer: Reposition the patient at planned intervals- A. Formation of granulation tissue and new capillaries
- B. Clot formation with immediate platelet aggregation
- C. Breakdown of collagen by inflammatory enzymes
- D. Maturation of scar tissue with reduced vascularity
Explanation: The proliferative phase produces granulation tissue, new capillaries, collagen, and epithelial coverage.
Correct answer: Formation of granulation tissue and new capillaries