Free Forest Mensuration MCQs with Answers

• A. Which are derived from gymnosperms such as pines, evergreen, needle like leaves seeds in cones
• B. Hardwoods are those derived from angiosperms such as oak, ash, popular, with broad leaves seed enclosed bearing flowers
• C. Wood responsible for sap conduction is termed as sap wood
• D. All of the above
• E. As the wood increases in diameter, cells to the inside are block. This portion of wood is known as heart wood

Explanation: Softwoods generally come from gymnosperms and hardwoods from angiosperms; sapwood conducts sap, while the older, blocked inner wood…

• A. Knots
• B. Reaction wood or abnormal wood
• C. Brashness
• D. Grains
• E. All of the above

Explanation: Standing-tree defects include knots, reaction or abnormal wood, brashness, and irregular grain.

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. Dead knots: When branch wood tissues are dead and not in continuation with main stem tissues
• C. Live knots: v Tissues are continuous stem tissues. These are called "Tight-knots".
• D. None of these

Explanation: A live or tight knot remains connected with the stem's tissues, whereas a dead knot is formed when branch wood is no longer continuous…

• A. Compression wood (CW)
• B. Tension wood (TW)
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: Reaction wood is abnormal wood formed in response to leaning or mechanical stress: compression wood develops mainly in conifers, while…

• A. To Evarts and Mason (106) it is due to gravity
• B. Metzger (1908) says it is due to tension and compression
• C. Wersking and Baily, due to (1942) increase or decrease in plant hormones
• D. All of the above
• E. Philips says (1940), it is due to wind

Explanation: Proposed explanations for compression and tension wood include gravitational or positional effects, mechanical tension and compression…

• A. All of the above
• B. Value of individual tree or crops during a given period
• C. Utilizable portions of total woody growth goes on increasing
• D. The increase in girth, diameter, basal area, height, volume, quality

Explanation: Increment is the increase in a tree or crop's dimensions, volume, quality, or value during a specified period.

• A. Current annual increment (CAI)
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Mean annual increment (MAI)
• D. None of these

Explanation: The change in volume increment with age is studied through both current annual increment and mean annual increment.

• A. All of the above
• B. Checking silvicultural or management practices
• C. It also helps in finding rotation
• D. Decision about optimum level of residual growing stock. It depends on rotation
• E. Checking correctness of past management

Explanation: Increment data help evaluate past management, assess silvicultural practices, determine rotation, and decide the appropriate residual…

• A. From yield table
• B. All of the above
• C. Increment determination by control method
• D. Increment by continuous forest inventory (CFI)
• E. Estimation of movement rations from average diameter growth by diameter class

Explanation: Increment can be obtained through yield tables, movement-ratio calculations, the control method, and continuous forest inventory.

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. Under stocked stands tend to approach fully stocked stands with increase in age, though more rapid growth than the latter
• C. Future increment of even aged crop can be from valid yield table
• D. None of these

Explanation: A valid yield table provides the expected future increment of an even-aged crop.

• A. Tree diameters include in a dia class in the present stand tables are distributed uniformly, about the class centre
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Movement ration: Proportion of trees which will move onto next higher classes
• D. None of these

Explanation: The movement-ratio method assumes that trees in a diameter class are distributed around its midpoint, then estimates the proportion moving…

• A. In Swiss, forest are managed intensively under selection system
• B. Each compartment is enumerated 100% at 5-6 years intervals
• C. Records are kept by compartments of all mortality and all cut trees in interval between two successive counts
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Under the control method, compartments are periodically enumerated and all cutting and mortality between successive inventories are…

• A. Used in USA and Canada
• B. All of the above
• C. Sometime metallic rod is fixed in centre
• D. Measured after 5 or 10 years
• E. Large area under first, they can't adopt other method

Explanation: Continuous forest inventory uses permanent sample plots, often marked by a central metal pin or rod, which are remeasured at intervals…

• A. Periodic physical/mapping surveys
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Implementation of a programme for the improvement of statistics relating to forests and wildlife which includes a remote sensing laboratory and Geographical Information System (GIS)
• D. None of these

Explanation: Planning needs both physical and mapping surveys and improved forest and wildlife statistics supported by remote sensing and GIS.

• A. Basal area
• B. Stem timber
• C. Total smallwood
• D. All of the above
• E. Total stem timber and smallwood

Explanation: Final yield may be assessed through stand basal area and the volume of stem timber and smallwood, with total stem timber and smallwood…

• A. All of the above
• B. Main crop
• C. Thinning
• D. Final yield
• E. Age (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 years)

Explanation: A yield table records stand age and production details for different site qualities, including the main crop, thinning yields and final…

• A. Average diameter
• B. All of the above
• C. Total basal area
• D. Number of trees
• E. Average height

Explanation: A yield table records the principal stand variables at successive ages and site qualities, including mean diameter, mean height, basal…

• A. Are available for a species
• B. All of the above
• C. Not these tables are directly applicable in a given locality or to a given coupe
• D. The point which is first to be decided is whether

Explanation: General volume tables are prepared for a species, but their direct use in a particular locality, compartment or coupe must first be…

• A. The grouping adopted
• B. The precision required
• C. All of the above
• D. The deviations of individuals tree volumes from the means in each group

Explanation: A satisfactory volume table needs enough sample trees to represent the adopted groups, achieve the required precision and reduce the…

• A. All of the above
• B. Standard stem timber in the round
• C. Solid volumes under bark
• D. Dalbergia sissoo

Explanation: A species volume table, such as one for Dalbergia sissoo, generally expresses the volume of standard stem timber in the round, commonly as…