Free Forest Ecology MCQs with Answers

• A. The 'balance' will be restored by an increase in the wolf population
• B. The balance will be permanently upset because the rabbits will eat the grass in the system and die of starvation
• C. Epidemics will break out in the rabbits and kill all of them
• D. Rabbits will starts eating each other

Explanation: A sudden rise in rabbits provides more prey for wolves, allowing the wolf population to increase and exert greater predation pressure.

• A. Grassland ecosystems
• B. Pond ecosystems
• C. Parasitic ecosystems
• D. Forest ecosystems

Explanation: Ponds may show an inverted or otherwise variable biomass pyramid because rapidly reproducing phytoplankton can have less standing biomass…

• A. sugar stored in plants
• B. Heat liberated during fermentation
• C. Light received from the sun
• D. Heat liberated during respiration

Explanation: Sunlight is the primary external energy source for most ecosystems, entering through photosynthesis by plants and other producers.

• A. Energy
• B. Oxygen
• C. Living organism
• D. Bacteria

Explanation: Energy must continuously enter an ecosystem because it flows through trophic levels and is eventually lost as heat.

• A. Standing quality
• B. Standing crop
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. Standing state

Explanation: Standing crop is the amount of living biomass present at a trophic level at a particular time.

• A. Never forms a food web
• B. Refers to grazing food chain only
• C. Producer-consumer arrangement
• D. Never photosynthesis dependent

Explanation: Trophic structure describes the feeding arrangement of producers and consumers across trophic levels.

• A. None of these
• B. Lotic
• C. Lentic
• D. Estuarine

Explanation: An estuary is the zone where a river meets and mixes with the sea, so its ecosystem is termed estuarine.

• A. Plants only
• B. Plants and animals
• C. Animals only
• D. Plants or animals

Explanation: A biotic community contains populations of different living organisms, including plants, animals and microorganisms.

• A. Sea
• B. Forests
• C. In all these places
• D. Deserts

Explanation: Food chains occur wherever organisms obtain and transfer energy, including seas, forests and deserts.

• A. Biome
• B. Community
• C. Biosphere
• D. Association

Explanation: The biosphere is the global zone of life, including organisms and their interactions with the atmosphere and other environmental…

• A. Insectivorous type
• B. Heterotrophs
• C. Chemotrophs
• D. Autotrophs

Explanation: Most phytoplankton manufacture organic food using sunlight, so they are autotrophs and form the base of aquatic food chains.

• A. Carbon dioxide
• B. Oxygen
• C. Fish feed
• D. Decoration

Explanation: Green aquatic plants release oxygen during photosynthesis, helping maintain dissolved oxygen for fish in the aquarium.

• A. Ecosystem
• B. Ectosome
• C. Biosphere
• D. Bioeconomic

Explanation: The biosphere is the portion of Earth, including the lower atmosphere, water and land, where living organisms exist.

• A. Biological clocks
• B. Environmental complex
• C. Biological spectrum
• D. Biome

Explanation: A biome is a broad ecological complex containing characteristic communities and successional stages under broadly similar climatic…

• A. Bring about decomposition of dead animals and plant remains
• B. Cause diseases of other plants
• C. Are useful in several industries
• D. Cause human disease

Explanation: Non-green organisms, especially fungi and many bacteria, obtain energy by breaking down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to…

• A. A primary consumer
• B. A primary decomposer
• C. The apex of the food pyramid
• D. Final decomposer

Explanation: The chain is green plants → insects → snakes → peacock, so the peacock occupies the highest trophic position in this chain.

• A. A functional unit of biotic and abiotic components which have an energy source
• B. Either a part of land surface, a body of fresh water or the open oceans
• C. A functional unit consisting of sunlight, air water and minerals
• D. A system consisting of an energy source, producers and consumers

Explanation: An ecosystem is a functional system in which biotic components interact with abiotic components and energy flows through the system.

• A. Secondary consumer
• B. Carnivore
• C. Decomposer
• D. Primary consumer

Explanation: In the usual aquatic food chain, phytoplankton are eaten by zooplankton, and the first fish eats these planktonic animals; it therefore…

• A. Primary producers only sometimes
• B. The primary producers
• C. The decomposers
• D. The consumers

Explanation: Green plants manufacture organic food through photosynthesis and form the first trophic level, so they are the primary producers of a…

• A. Consumer-photosynthesis-decomposer
• B. Decomposer-consumer-photosynthesis
• C. Photosynthesis-decomposer-consumer
• D. Photosynthesis-consumer-decomposer

Explanation: Carbon enters living systems when plants fix atmospheric carbon dioxide by photosynthesis, then passes to consumers and finally to…