All Free Forestry MCQs with Answers

• A. Such irregularity may be the result of epicormic branches
• B. Also because of insect attack and genetical inheritance
• C. None of these
• D. Both (a) & (b)

Explanation: Fluting or buttressing may be associated with irregular growth around epicormic branches and can also be influenced by insect injury and…

• A. It is generally characteristics of species, which are growing in a dry area
• B. Are longer when present in a young coppice or shoot
• C. None of these
• D. Both (a) & (b)

Explanation: Thorniness is commonly associated with species growing under dry conditions, and thorn development may be more pronounced or longer on…

• A. Seedling
• B. All of the above
• C. Pole
• D. Tree stages
• E. Sapling

Explanation: A tree generally progresses through seedling, sapling, pole and mature tree stages.

• A. Form of roots
• B. All of the above
• C. Special roots
• D. Root growth

Explanation: A root system describes the arrangement or form of roots, their growth pattern and special root types or modifications.

• A. Girdling method
• B. Root pruning
• C. Typing a knot
• D. Grafting
• E. All of the above

Explanation: Girdling, root pruning, tying or bending a branch, and grafting can all alter hormone or nutrient movement and stimulate earlier flowering…

• A. All of the above
• B. Mechanical
• C. Fire treatment
• D. Water treatment
• E. Weathering

Explanation: Seed dormancy may be broken by weathering, mechanical scarification, fire or heat treatment, and soaking or other water treatments.

• A. Cultural operation are the operations undertaken for the completion
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Or assistance of regeneration/afforestation
• D. None of these

Explanation: Tending consists of cultural operations carried out after or during regeneration to assist the establishment and development of a forest…

• A. Hundred percent successful stocking from the first sowing
• B. Or planting out is rarely attained except with the more elaborate methods
• C. All of the above
• D. The causalities have to be replaced to give good results

Explanation: Complete stocking after sowing or planting is rarely achieved, so dead or missing plants, called casualties, are replaced through beating…

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. They are usually removed at an early stage as soon as they have served this purpose
• C. Trees are raised with the preliminary object of helping a less hardy species
• D. None of these

Explanation: A nurse crop is established to shelter or assist a less hardy species during its early development.

• A. Crops of subsidiary species, (usually low shrubs but on occasion small trees or even herbs)
• B. All of the above
• C. It minimizing the known deterioration consequent on exposure
• D. Intentionally introduced into a plantation with the primary object of restoring a cover to the soil as quickly as possible

Explanation: Cover crops are usually low-growing subsidiary plants introduced to restore soil cover, reduce exposure and limit deterioration such as…

• A. It is sometimes recommended for plantations as for natural regeneration to put a controlled ground fire through as soon as possible
• B. As a fire protection measure where the fire risk is great, as often with chir pine
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: Controlled burning is used both to prepare or assist regeneration and to reduce hazardous fuel where fire risk is high, notably in…

• A. Involved in uprooting weeds as compared with cutting them, has been the subject of experiments
• B. Which indicate that local experience is necessary
• C. As sometimes the gain is considerable, whilst at other times, perhaps mainly with light soil and only moderate weeds
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Experiments show that uprooting weeds through soil working can sometimes give substantial benefits, but its success depends on soil type…

• A. Suppression of weeds, by restricting the amount of light on the ground surface and thus hindering their germination and growth
• B. All of the above
• C. Maintenance or improvement of soil structure, by eliminating or mitigating the severity of rain and wind action
• D. Conservation of soil, by preventing erosion

Explanation: Mulches reduce weed germination by blocking light, limit erosion from rain and wind, and protect soil aggregates and structure.

• A. Enhanced humification and microbial activity leading to higher nutrient availability
• B. Improvement of soil structure, by incorporation of plant residues and by encouraging soil fauna.
• C. All of the above
• D. Even in more humid climates it may have very beneficial effects with certain species, e.g., the poplar
• E. Mulching is of profound importance in dry regions

Explanation: Besides insulating the soil and increasing dew deposition, organic mulch decomposes into humus, stimulates microbes and soil fauna, and…

• A. Artificial mulches: Paper and plastic mulches
• B. Natural mulches
• C. Inorganic; soil mulch and stone mulch
• D. All of the above
• E. Organic; branches, twigs and leaves, leaf litter, grass weed

Explanation: Mulches may be artificial, natural organic, or inorganic. Paper and plastic are artificial, while soil, stones, branches, leaves and grass…

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. It essentially covers operations on the crop itself and on the competing vegetation
• C. As operations carried out for the benefit of a forest crop at any stage of its life between the seeding and mature stages
• D. None of these

Explanation: Tending includes operations performed from the seedling stage to maturity to benefit the crop.

• A. All of the above
• B. A tree crop requires to be protected from pests and diseases
• C. The individual trees must have adequate room to grow
• D. If any infected trees are present
• E. For continuous healthy development

Explanation: Tending maintains healthy continuous development by controlling pests and diseases and giving desirable trees sufficient growing space.

• A. As a tending operation done in a seedling crop involving the removal
• B. Cutting back of any sort of weed growth, even woody
• C. All of the above
• D. It merges with cleaning as the seedling grow into saplings
• E. That is interfering with then growth of the corp.

Explanation: Weeding is an early-stage tending operation that removes or cuts back herbaceous and woody competitors interfering with seedlings.

• A. That denotes the removal of all plants competing with the crop species in seedling stages regardless of whether their crowns are above, beside
• B. Or below those of the desirable trees
• C. None of these
• D. Both (a) & (b)

Explanation: Weeding removes competing plants during the seedling stage whether they overtop the crop, grow beside it, or remain beneath its crowns.

• A. All of the above
• B. With the first thinning, involving the removal
• C. Cutting back of all inferior growth, climbers
• D. As a tending operation done in the sapling crop, particularly just before

Explanation: Cleaning is carried out mainly in the sapling crop before the first thinning and removes inferior growth, including unwanted climbers.