All Free Economics MCQs with Answers

• A. rapidly became shepherds
• B. their formerly outgoing personalities changed
• C. became savage warriors
• D. became outgoing accomplished entrepreneurs

Explanation: The Ik of Uganda were described as losing the social conditions that supported their former cooperative and outgoing behavior, after which…

• A. development
• B. stressing self-concept and self-actualization
• C. psychoanalytic
• D. environmental determinism

Explanation: Maslow and Rogers belong to the humanistic approach, which emphasizes self-concept, personal growth, and self-actualization.

• A. To teach infants to sit stand walk and run in that order
• B. To teach infants the fundamentals of life in society
• C. To instill societal aspirations
• D. To transmit skills important in the society

Explanation: Socialization teaches cultural rules, aspirations, and socially useful skills, but learning to sit, stand, walk, and run is primarily…

• A. separate items of personality
• B. behavior as whole
• C. instincts
• D. physical appearance

Explanation: Gestalt psychology emphasizes the organized whole rather than isolated elements, summed up by the principle that the whole is more than…

• A. l
• B. me
• C. generalized other
• D. libido

Explanation: Mead’s generalized other represents society’s internalized rules and expectations, much as Freud’s superego represents internalized moral…

• A. primary institution
• B. secondary institution
• C. total institution
• D. tertiary socialization

Explanation: A prison is a total institution because it controls nearly every aspect of inmates’ daily lives within one setting, including residence…

• A. differentiation stratification conflict and coercion
• B. accommodation assimilation conflict and coercion
• C. exchange reciprocity competition and conflict
• D. conflict exchange cooperation and competition

Explanation: The four primary social processes are commonly identified as conflict, exchange, cooperation, and competition.

• A. technological
• B. informational
• C. post-subsistence
• D. postindustrial

Explanation: Daniel Bell used the term postindustrial society for a society in which services, information, and knowledge replace manufacturing as the…

• A. hunting and gathering to pastoral society
• B. pastoral to horticultural society
• C. horticultural to agricultural society
• D. agricultural to industrial society

Explanation: The shift from horticultural to agricultural societies produced larger settlements, surplus production, administrative structures, and…

• A. voluntary group
• B. reference group
• C. membership
• D. Gesellschaft

Explanation: A family is a primary group because its relationships are close and personal, and it is also a membership group because a person actually…

• A. politics
• B. law
• C. personality
• D. social change

Explanation: Primary groups such as the family provide early emotional interaction, language, norms, and social learning, all of which shape…

• A. the N.A.A.C.P
• B. the N.R.A
• C. sharpshooters at a pistol range
• D. all the redheads currently imprisoned in the U.S

Explanation: A social category consists of people who share a common characteristic without necessarily interacting or organizing together.

• A. estate systems in feudal Europe
• B. industrial societies like the United States
• C. occupationally-based caste systems as in pre-modern India
• D. A and C only

Explanation: Feudal estates and caste systems rely heavily on ascribed status, which is assigned by birth rather than earned through achievement.

• A. statuses are ascribed
• B. authority is hierarchical
• C. statuses are ranked
• D. roles are scripted

Explanation: When group members evaluate positions as higher or lower in prestige, they are ranking statuses.

• A. rules and regulations
• B. group situations and the positions of individuals
• C. patterns of actions
• D. all of the above

Explanation: Social life is structured through formal rules, recurring patterns of action, and the positions people occupy in groups.

• A. explicit standards of quality control must be imposed by management
• B. employees are given too much discretion
• C. small organization inevitably become bureaucracies
• D. vertical hierarchies of power are too sluggish

Explanation: A major criticism of bureaucracy is that its vertical chain of authority makes decisions slow and inflexible.

• A. the military prisons and mental hospitals
• B. businesses and industries of all types
• C. professional and religious organizations
• D. all of the above

Explanation: Utilitarian organizations offer tangible rewards, especially wages or salaries, in exchange for participation, so businesses and…

• A. agrarian
• B. pastoral
• C. hunting and gathering
• D. horticultural

Explanation: Hunting-and-gathering societies were the earliest and least technologically complex societies.

• A. excludes written language
• B. is entirely nonverbal
• C. includes gestures speech and music
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Symbolic interaction uses meanings communicated through language and other symbols, including gestures, speech, and music.

• A. conflict
• B. competition
• C. cooperation
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Cooperation enables people to coordinate activities and achieve shared goals, making it a central process of social interaction.