Free Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry MCQs with Answers
536 Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry MCQs from Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Organic chemistry begins with carbon compounds classified by carbon skeleton, saturation and functional group. Work includes identifying groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl and amino, applying basic nomenclature, and distinguishing structural, geometric and optical isomers, where the same molecular formula does not necessarily mean the same structure or properties.
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Read the Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms536 questions · page 2 of 27
- A. chemical properties
- B. functional group
- C. physical properties
- D. all of them
Explanation: Members of a homologous series have the same functional group and similar chemical properties, but successive members differ by a CH2 unit…
Correct answer: physical properties- A. 2(Divalent)
- B. 3(Trivalent)
- C. 4(Tetravalent)
- D. 1(univalent)
Explanation: Carbon has four valence electrons and usually forms four covalent bonds to complete its octet, so its valency is 4 and it is tetravalent.
Correct answer: 4(Tetravalent)- A. 14amu
- B. 12amu
- C. 18amu
- D. 22amu
Explanation: Adjacent members of a homologous series differ by one CH2 group, whose mass is 12 amu + 2 amu = 14 amu.
Correct answer: 14amu- A. Isaac Newton
- B. Antoine Lavoisier
- C. Dmitri Mendeleev
- D. Albert Einstein
Explanation: Antoine Lavoisier is commonly called the father of modern chemistry because he established careful quantitative methods, explained…
Correct answer: Antoine Lavoisier- A. it is a synthetic fertilizer
- B. it is a natural fertilizer
- C. it provides micronutrients to the plants
- D. it is an inorganic water soluble compound
Explanation: Urea is manufactured industrially from ammonia and carbon dioxide, so it is a synthetic fertilizer.
Correct answer: it is a synthetic fertilizer- A. Latin
- B. Greek
- C. Arabic
- D. None of these
Explanation: The word chemistry is derived through Arabic al-kīmiyā, but the root term is commonly traced to the Greek word khēmeia or chymeia.
Correct answer: Greek- A. Atrophy
- B. Dysplasia
- C. Metaplasia
- D. Hypertrophy
- E. Hyperplasia
Explanation: Barrett esophagus is metaplasia because the normal esophageal lining is replaced by a different, more specialized type of epithelium as an…
Correct answer: Metaplasia- A. Solution
- B. Mixtures
- C. Molecules
- D. Atoms
Explanation: Chromatography separates the components of a mixture because different substances move at different rates between a stationary phase and a…
Correct answer: Mixtures- A. Azolo
- B. Azine
- C. Azolidins
- D. Diazine
Explanation: Pyridine belongs to the azine class of six-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles, and “azine” is the expected name among these choices.
Correct answer: Azine- A. Pain Killer
- B. Fire Extinguisher
- C. Mosquito Repellent
- D. Petrol Additive
Explanation: Tetraethyl lead was historically mixed with petrol as an antiknock additive, increasing the fuel's octane rating and reducing engine…
Correct answer: Petrol Additive- A. Distillation
- B. Extraction
- C. Gas chromatography
- D. Column chromatography
Explanation: Column chromatography is suitable for separating a large quantity of nonvolatile organic compounds because different compounds adsorb to…
Correct answer: Column chromatography- A. CnH2nO2n
- B. CnH2n
- C. CnH2nO
- D. CnH2nOn+1
Explanation: Acyclic saturated aldehydes and ketones contain one carbonyl group and have the general formula CnH2nO.
Correct answer: CnH2nO- A. Propanoic acid
- B. Acetic acid
- C. Phthalic acid
- D. Butanoic acid
Explanation: Phthalic acid is benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid rather than a fatty acid.
Correct answer: Phthalic acid- A. Aromatic
- B. Dicarboxylic
- C. Hydrocarbons
- D. Strong acids
Explanation: Phthalic acid is benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid and oxalic acid is ethanedioic acid, so each contains two -COOH groups and is dicarboxylic.
Correct answer: Dicarboxylic- A. Glucose
- B. Glyceraldehydes
- C. Oligosaccharides
- D. Aldehydes and ketones
Explanation: Carbohydrates are generally defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or compounds that yield them on hydrolysis.
Correct answer: Aldehydes and ketones- A. Cytosine
- B. Thymine
- C. Adenine
- D. Guanine
Explanation: RNA contains uracil in place of thymine, while both nucleic acids contain adenine, guanine and cytosine.
Correct answer: Thymine- A. Duplication
- B. Transcription
- C. Replication
- D. Mutation
Explanation: Replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of its genetic information, using each original strand as a template.
Correct answer: Replication- A. Pus cells
- B. Sperm heads
- C. 1872
- D. all of the above
Explanation: Friedrich Miescher first isolated and demonstrated nucleic material, called nuclein, from the nuclei of pus cells.
Correct answer: Pus cells- A. Glycerols
- B. Fatty acids
- C. Triesters formed from glycerol and fatty acids
- D. Tetraesters formed from glycerol and fatty acids
Explanation: Animal and vegetable fats are triglycerides, meaning triesters formed when the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol react with fatty acids.
Correct answer: Triesters formed from glycerol and fatty acids- A. Organic solvents
- B. Organic and inorganic solvents
- C. Inorganic solvents
- D. Solubility has nothing to do with lipids
Explanation: Lipids are largely nonpolar, so they dissolve in nonpolar organic solvents such as ether, chloroform and benzene, but generally do not…
Correct answer: Organic solvents