Free Coordination and Control MCQs with Answers
1,687 Coordination and Control MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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- A. Alpha cells
- B. Beta cells
- C. Delta cells
- D. Acinar cells
Explanation: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin in response to high blood glucose.
Correct answer: Beta cells- A. Only growth
- B. Basal metabolic rate
- C. Only blood pressure
- D. Only digestion
Explanation: T3 and T4 regulate basal metabolic rate (BMR), growth, development, and body temperature.
Correct answer: Basal metabolic rate- A. Adrenal medulla
- B. Adrenal cortex
- C. Anterior pituitary
- D. Thyroid
Explanation: Cortisol (a glucocorticoid) is produced by the adrenal cortex, especially in response to stress.
Correct answer: Adrenal cortex- A. GH and TSH
- B. ADH and oxytocin
- C. ACTH and FSH
- D. Prolactin and LH
Explanation: The posterior pituitary stores and releases ADH and oxytocin, which are produced in the hypothalamus.
Correct answer: ADH and oxytocin- A. Excess iodine
- B. Iodine deficiency
- C. Excess calcium
- D. Vitamin D deficiency
Explanation: Iodine deficiency causes goiter (enlarged thyroid) as the gland tries to compensate for insufficient T3/T4 production.
Correct answer: Iodine deficiency- A. Binding cell surface receptors
- B. Binding intracellular receptors
- C. Opening ion channels
- D. Activating second messengers
Explanation: Steroid hormones (lipid-soluble) diffuse through membranes and bind intracellular receptors that regulate gene transcription.
Correct answer: Binding intracellular receptors- A. Insulin resistance
- B. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells
- C. Excess insulin
- D. Pituitary tumor
Explanation: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where beta cells are destroyed, requiring insulin injections.
Correct answer: Autoimmune destruction of beta cells- A. Increasing bone resorption
- B. Decreasing bone resorption
- C. Increasing calcium absorption
- D. Decreasing calcium excretion
Explanation: Calcitonin from the thyroid inhibits osteoclasts, decreasing bone resorption and lowering blood calcium.
Correct answer: Decreasing bone resorption- A. Increased heart rate
- B. Bronchodilation
- C. Glycogenolysis
- D. Decreased blood pressure
Explanation: Adrenaline increases (not decreases) blood pressure through vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output.
Correct answer: Decreased blood pressure- A. Medulla oblongata
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Cerebrum
- D. Pons
Explanation: The pons contains the centres that switch the brain between sleep and wakefulness and it also regulates the rhythm of breathing alongside…
Correct answer: Pons- A. Pons
- B. Midbrain
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The respiratory centre of the medulla carries chemoreceptors that detect the fall in pH caused by rising carbon dioxide and increase the…
Correct answer: Medulla oblongata- A. Receptor
- B. Effector
- C. Muscle fiber
- D. Associative neuron
Explanation: The associative or relay neurone sits in the grey matter of the spinal cord and passes the impulse straight from the sensory to the motor…
Correct answer: Associative neuron- A. Golgi bodies & Smooth ER
- B. Peroxisome & Mitochondria
- C. Lysosome & Vacuole
- D. Ribosome & Rough ER
Explanation: Nissl granules are dense stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes, which is why they stain so darkly and why they are…
Correct answer: Ribosome & Rough ER- A. Forebrain
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Midbrain
- D. Cerebellum
Explanation: The midbrain carries four swellings, the corpora quadrigemina, of which the upper pair handle visual reflexes such as turning the eyes and…
Correct answer: Midbrain- A. Receptors to CNS to Effectors
- B. Effectors to Receptors to CNS
- C. CNS to Effectors to Receptors
- D. Effectors to CNS to Receptors
Explanation: A receptor detects the stimulus, a sensory neurone carries the impulse into the central nervous system, and a motor neurone carries the…
Correct answer: Receptors to CNS to Effectors- A. Axon ends
- B. Dendrite end
- C. Nissl's granules
- D. Cell body
Explanation: Vesicles of transmitter are stored in the swollen endings of the axon and released into the synaptic cleft when the impulse arrives.
Correct answer: Axon ends- A. Formation of short-term memory
- B. Formation of image on retina
- C. Formation of long-term memory
- D. Formation of emotions
Explanation: The hippocampus consolidates experiences into long term memory, which is why damage to it leaves a patient able to hold a conversation yet…
Correct answer: Formation of long-term memory- A. Corpus luteum
- B. Corpus callosum
- C. A band of dendrites
- D. Dorsal and ventral nerve roots
Explanation: The corpus callosum is a thick band of myelinated axons carrying traffic between the two hemispheres so that they work as one.
Correct answer: Corpus callosum- A. Axon
- B. Dendrites
- C. Myelin sheath
- D. Synaptic knob
Explanation: Dendrites are the short branched processes that carry receptors for neurotransmitter and conduct the resulting signal towards the cell…
Correct answer: Dendrites- A. photoreceptors
- B. mechanoreceptors
- C. thermoreceptors
- D. chemoreceptors
Explanation: Smell depends on molecules dissolving in the mucus and binding receptor proteins in the nasal epithelium, so olfactory receptors respond…
Correct answer: chemoreceptors