Free Coordination and Control MCQs with Answers

• A. Medulla
• B. Amygdala
• C. Cerebellum
• D. Pons

Explanation: The cerebellum, in the back of the brain, controls balance, coordination, and fine muscle control (e.g., walking).

• A. Aldosterone
• B. Parathormone
• C. Antidiuretic
• D. Vasopressin

Explanation: Aldosterone triggers the reabsorption of sodium. Parathormone triggers the reabsorption of calcium. ADH triggers reabsorption of water.

• A. Nerves
• B. Axon
• C. Soma
• D. Dendrites

Explanation: Also known as the soma, the cell body is the neuron's core. The cell body carries genetic information, maintains the neuron's structure…

• A. Receptor to sensory neuron to motor neuron and then through associative neurons to effect
• B. Receptor to sensory neuron to associative neuron and then through motor neurons to effector
• C. Effector to sensory neuron to associative neuron and then through motor neurons to Receptor
• D. Effector to sensory neuron to motor neuron and then through associative neurons to Receptor

Explanation: A receptor in the skin detects a stimulus (the change in temperature). A sensory neuron sends electrical impulses to a relay neuron, which…

• A. +70 mV ; negative
• B. -70 mV ; negative
• C. +70 mV ; positive
• D. -70 mV ; positive

Explanation: During the resting state, the membrane potential arises because the membrane is predominantly permeable to K+.

• A. Axon
• B. Soma
• C. Neuron
• D. Cytoplasm
• E. Ribosome

Explanation: The neuron is the basic unit of the nervous system and consists of three main parts: the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon.

• A. TSH
• B. Oxytocin
• C. ACTH
• D. FSH
• E. GH

Explanation: Option A: TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is released by the anterior pituitary gland in response to a releasing factor called…

• A. Integration of righting reflexes
• B. Autonomic control for respiration
• C. Equilibrium and posture regulation
• D. Initiation of voluntary movements
• E. Fixation of the eyes

Explanation: Option A: Integration of righting reflexes: The brainstem plays a crucial role in integrating and coordinating reflexes that help maintain…

• A. Sensory neurons
• B. Associative neurons
• C. Relay neurons
• D. Motor neurons

Explanation: Option A: Sensory neurons transmit information from the environment to the central nervous system (CNS).

• A. Nervous system only
• B. Endocrine system only
• C. Both nervous & endocrine system
• D. Both endocrine & exocrine

Explanation: The answer is both nervous and endocrine system. The nervous system is responsible for detecting danger and sending signals to the body to…

• A. Hypothalamus
• B. Medulla Oblongata
• C. Cerebellum
• D. Pons

Explanation: The cerebellum is a part of the hindbrain that helps in maintaining the posture and balance of the body.

• A. Hippocampus
• B. Hypothalamus
• C. Amygdala
• D. Thalamus

Explanation: The amygdala controls the sensation of pleasure, punishment, or sexual arousal. The hippocampus has a major role in learning and memory.

• A. Adrenaline
• B. Thyroxine
• C. Oxytocin
• D. Parathormone

Explanation: The most common cause of goitres worldwide is a lack of iodine in the diet.

• A. Prostaglandin
• B. Growth inhibitors
• C. Estrogen
• D. Adrenaline
• E. Thyroxin

Explanation: When a close person dies, this can cause the adrenal glands to pour adrenaline hormones into the bloodstream due to anxiety that subsides…

• A. Cortisol - glucocorticoid
• B. Aldosterone - mineralocorticoid
• C. ADH - mineralocorticoid
• D. Androgens - cortical sex hormones

Explanation: ADH is not a mineralocorticoid. It is made by the hypothalamus and stored and released by the pituitary gland.

• A. Transmission by the nervous system is short-lived, whereas transmission by the hormonal system is long-lasting
• B. The nervous system uses electrical impulses to send signals through neurons, whereas hormonal coordination uses chemical messengers transported in the blood
• C. Responses are often permanent in the hormonal system, but temporary and reversible in the nervous system
• D. In the nervous system, secretory chemicals are released in the blood, while in the hormonal system, secretory chemicals are released in extracellular fluids

Explanation: The correct answer is Option D. In the nervous system, neurotransmitters are released at synapses between neurons, not into the…

• A. Motor Neuron
• B. Sensory Neuron
• C. Interneuron
• D. Nerve

Explanation: The diagram illustrates a sensory neuron. The defining feature is the cell body, which connects to the dendrites via dendron processes.

• A. Change in the size of the pupil in response to light
• B. Swallowing of the bolus
• C. Sudden jerky withdrawal of hand when pricked
• D. Knees jerk in response to a blow

Explanation: Reflex actions are involuntary and instantaneous responses to stimuli. The change in pupil size, jerky withdrawal of the hand, and knee…

• A. Exchanged with sodium ions through co-transport channels at axon surfaces during the reestablishment of a resting potential after an action potential
• B. Diffuses through gated ion channels in presynaptic membranes of excitatory neurons, prompting vesicles to move to the presynaptic membrane as an impulse arrives
• C. Exchanged with chloride ions at the postsynaptic membrane, altering membrane potential in inhibitory neurons
• D. Actively pumped out of axons at nodes of Ranvier in myelinated neurons, which is the main cause of the potential difference that is maintained during the resting potential

Explanation: The role of calcium ions in the neuromuscular system is crucial during synaptic transmission.

• A. Sensory end plate
• B. Synapse end plate
• C. Motor end plate
• D. Postsynaptic membrane

Explanation: The motor end plate is the specialized area at the neuromuscular junction where the axon terminal of a motor neuron forms a synapse with a…