Free Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs with Answers

• A. Flagellum
• B. Cell wall
• C. Peptidoglycan
• D. Slime

Explanation: The slime layer is a slimy, gelatinous outer covering that surrounds some bacterial cells.

• A. Ribosomes
• B. Plasmids
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Spores

Explanation: Spores are specialized structures produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and other organisms during unfavorable conditions.

• A. Vesicles
• B. Tubules
• C. Lamellae
• D. Squares

Explanation: Squares are not a recognized form of mesosomes. Mesosomes typically exhibit vesicular, tubular, or lamellar shapes but squares are not a…

• A. Plasmid
• B. Mesosome
• C. Nucleoid
• D. Ribosome

Explanation: Plasmids are important vectors in modern genetic engineering. A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule that can raplicate independently…

• A. Pilin
• B. Tubulin
• C. Flagellin
• D. Myosin

Explanation: Pili, also known as fimbriae are thin, hair-like structures found on the surface of many bacteria.

• A. Tetrad
• B. Sarcina
• C. Diplococcus
• D. Streptococci

Explanation: A tetrad refers to the arrangement of four cocci in pairs of two, forming two sets of pairs atright angles to each other.

• A. Spirochete
• B. Nostoc
• C. Water blooms
• D. Cyanobacteria

Explanation: This option is comact because syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum, a bacterium that belongs to the spirochete group.

• A. Fimbriae
• B. Nucleoid
• C. Mesosome
• D. Endospore

Explanation: Mesosomes are invaginations or infoldings of the cell. membrane in certain bacterial cells.

• A. Chemotherapy
• B. Sterilization
• C. Antisepsis
• D. Vaccination

Explanation: An attenuated vaccine consists of live, whole bacterial celis viral particles that are treated in such a way that they have reduced…

• A. Mycoplasmas
• B. Gram-negative bacteria
• C. Gram-positive bacteria
• D. Archaebacteria

Explanation: CV-1 complex is formed and retained during Gram staining in Gram-positive bacteria.

• A. It arises from the basal body
• B. It is involved in chemotaxis
• C. It is proteinaceous in nature
• D. It is responsible for conjugation

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the bacterial flagellum is not responsible for conjugation.

• A. Penicillium
• B. Bacterium
• C. Adiantum
• D. Polytrichum

Explanation: Bacteria have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan, a unique structural molecule that distinguishes them from fungi, plants and other…

• A. Gram-positive
• B. Gram-negative
• C. Cellulose
• D. Acid fast

Explanation: This is the correct option because cyanobacteria have a cell wall structure characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria.

• A. Dutch
• B. Greek
• C. Roman
• D. Spanish

Explanation: The term prokaryote comes from the Greek (pro) meaning "before" and (karyon) meaning "nut or kernel".

• A. Archaeobacteria and vibrio bacteria
• B. Eubacteria and Streptococcus
• C. Eubacteria and Archaeobacteria
• D. Cyanobacteria and Archaeobacteria

Explanation: Microbiologists classify bacteria into two major categories: Eubacteria, which means "true bacteria, and the smaller group called…

• A. Mitosis
• B. Binary fission
• C. Meiosis
• D. Conjugation

Explanation: Cyanobacteria, like most prokaryotes, reproduce primarily by binary fission, a simple and efficient method of reproduction.

• A. Nucleus
• B. DNA
• C. Cell membrane
• D. Mitochondria

Explanation: This option is correct because a Bacterial cell does contain its genetic material in its nucleoid but it is absent in mature erythrocytes.

• A. 300
• B. 120
• C. 150
• D. 200

Explanation: Archaeobacteria are known for their ability to survive extreme environments, including high-temperature habitats.

• A. Cocci
• B. Bacilli
• C. Spirochete
• D. None of these

Explanation: Cocci are spherical or roughly spherical bacteria. Neisseria falls under this category as it is a Gram-negative cocci specifically…

• A. Gram positive bacteria
• B. Gram negative bacteria
• C. Both A & B
• D. Mycoplasmas

Explanation: Gram positive bacteria is more permeable as outer membrane is absent, so this is correct.