Free Animal and Plant Cell MCQs with Answers
275 Animal and Plant Cell MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal and plant cells share a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, but plant cells also have a cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts and a large permanent vacuole. Questions cover organelle structure and function, differences between the two cell types, and how membranes control movement of substances.
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- A. No scent
- B. Irregular shape
- C. No pedicles
- D. No petals
Explanation: A sessile flower is attached directly to the stem or inflorescence and therefore has no pedicel, the stalk of an individual flower.
Correct answer: No pedicles- A. Maize
- B. Sword bean seed
- C. Broad bean seed
- D. Corn
Explanation: In epigeal germination, the hypocotyl elongates and lifts the cotyledons above the soil; sword bean is an example.
Correct answer: Sword bean seed- A. Regular shape
- B. Circular shape
- C. Triangular shape
- D. Cone shape
Explanation: Acetabularia mediterranea develops a cap with a regular shape, which distinguishes it from species with differently shaped caps.
Correct answer: Regular shape- A. Fungi
- B. Protist
- C. Multicellular alga
- D. Unicellular alga
Explanation: Acetabularia is a giant unicellular green alga, so a single cell performs all of its life processes despite its large size.
Correct answer: Unicellular alga- A. Binary fission
- B. Conjugation
- C. Encystment
- D. Endomixis
Explanation: Amoeba survives unfavourable conditions by forming a resistant cyst, a process called encystment.
Correct answer: Encystment- A. 8 from one conjugant
- B. 8 from two conjugants
- C. 16 from two conjugants
- D. 8-16 from two conjugants
Explanation: After conjugation, each of the two Paramecium conjugants generally undergoes two successive divisions, producing four daughter paramecia…
Correct answer: 8 from two conjugants- A. Starch
- B. Sugar
- C. Proteins
- D. All of these and fats
Explanation: Amoeba secretes digestive enzymes into its food vacuole, where proteins, carbohydrates and fats are hydrolysed into simpler substances.
Correct answer: All of these and fats- A. Endosmosis
- B. Pinocytosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. None of these
Explanation: Amoeba engulfs solid food along with some surrounding water by phagocytosis, forming a food vacuole.
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. Butterfly
- B. Mushroom
- C. Fish
- D. Algae
Explanation: Algae are generally autotrophic because they contain chlorophyll and manufacture organic food by photosynthesis.
Correct answer: Algae- A. Hair
- B. Appendix
- C. Hip bone
- D. Navel
Explanation: The appendix is considered a vestigial organ and is not essential for survival, although it may have some immune and microbial functions.
Correct answer: Appendix- A. cytoplasm
- B. nucleus
- C. vacuole
- D. mitochondria
Explanation: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and regulates gene expression, so it directs growth, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell.
Correct answer: nucleus- A. tube feet
- B. cilia
- C. pseudopodia
- D. flagella
Explanation: Amoeba moves by extending temporary cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia, whose formation depends on cytoplasmic streaming.
Correct answer: pseudopodia- A. flowering plants
- B. seed plants
- C. ferns
- D. none of these
Explanation: Higher vascular plants are commonly called seed plants or spermatophytes because they reproduce by producing seeds and possess vascular…
Correct answer: seed plants- A. bryophytes
- B. pteridophytes
- C. tracheophytes
- D. all of these
Explanation: Bryophytes produce embryos but lack true vascular tissues and seeds, reproducing instead through spores.
Correct answer: bryophytes- A. sea water
- B. moist soil
- C. fresh water
- D. none of these
Explanation: Earthworms require moist soil because their skin must remain damp for cutaneous respiration and they obtain food from soil containing…
Correct answer: moist soil- A. Nephrology
- B. Semiology
- C. Orology
- D. Cytology
Explanation: Cytology is the branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of cells, including plant and animal cells.
Correct answer: Cytology- A. cartilage
- B. bone
- C. blood
- D. all the above
Explanation: Cartilage, bone and blood are all connective tissues because they arise from mesenchyme and contain cells embedded in an extracellular…
Correct answer: all the above- A. Meristematic
- B. Permanent
- C. Epidermal
- D. Supporting
Explanation: Plant permanent tissues are commonly grouped into simple tissues, made of one main cell type, and complex tissues, made of more than one…
Correct answer: Permanent- A. cell wall
- B. cytoplasm
- C. cell membrane
- D. none of these
Explanation: The cell membrane is selectively permeable because its phospholipid bilayer and transport proteins allow some substances to cross while…
Correct answer: cell membrane- A. 10 times
- B. 100 times
- C. 1000 times
- D. 10000 times
Explanation: A standard compound light microscope commonly provides a total magnification of about 1000 times, calculated from a 10x eyepiece x 100x…
Correct answer: 1000 times