Free Animal and Plant Cell MCQs with Answers
275 Animal and Plant Cell MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal and plant cells share a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, but plant cells also have a cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts and a large permanent vacuole. Questions cover organelle structure and function, differences between the two cell types, and how membranes control movement of substances.
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275 questions · page 3 of 14
- A. Absence of membrane-bound nucleus
- B. Presence of 70S ribosomes
- C. Presence of histone proteins
- D. Circular DNA
Explanation: Prokaryotes lack histone proteins. Their DNA is not organized into nucleosomes with histones, unlike eukaryotes.
Correct answer: Presence of histone proteins- A. Robertson
- B. Singer and Nicolson
- C. Gorter and Grendel
- D. Danielli and Davson
Explanation: Singer and Nicolson proposed the fluid mosaic model in 1972, describing the membrane as a fluid lipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
Correct answer: Singer and Nicolson- A. It moves 2 Na+ out and 3 K+ in
- B. It moves 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in
- C. It is a passive transport mechanism
- D. It does not require ATP
Explanation: The Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in against their concentration gradients, using ATP.
Correct answer: It moves 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in- A. High solute concentration to low solute concentration
- B. Low water potential to high water potential
- C. High water potential to low water potential
- D. Hypertonic to hypotonic solution
Explanation: Water moves from high water potential (dilute, hypotonic) to low water potential (concentrated, hypertonic).
Correct answer: High water potential to low water potential- A. Mitochondria
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Plasma membrane
- D. Cell wall
Explanation: The plasma membrane is present in every cell and is partially permeable, so it decides what enters and leaves, which is exactly the…
Correct answer: Plasma membrane- A. bony fish
- B. sea fish
- C. cartilaginous fish
- D. none of these
Explanation: An operculum is a bony flap that covers and protects the gills of bony fish, helping direct water over the gill surfaces.
Correct answer: bony fish- A. simple
- B. advance
- C. complex
- D. highly complex
Explanation: Biological organization is described as highly complex because living systems are arranged in levels, from molecules and organelles…
Correct answer: highly complex- A. ferns
- B. bryophytes
- C. gymnosperms
- D. angiosperms
Explanation: Bryophytes lack true roots, stems, and leaves and instead possess rhizoids that mainly anchor the plant.
Correct answer: bryophytes- A. cuscuta
- B. rose
- C. ferns
- D. mosses
Explanation: Cuscuta, or dodder, is a parasitic plant that obtains water and nutrients from a host through specialized haustoria and has greatly…
Correct answer: cuscuta- A. DNA ad protein
- B. Protein and Lipids
- C. Protein and Chitin
- D. Protein and RNA
Explanation: The basic structure of most cell membranes is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in or attached to it.
Correct answer: Protein and Lipids- A. An organ
- B. An organism
- C. A Tissue
- D. A Cell
Explanation: A tissue is formed when similar cells are organized together to perform a common function, whether arranged in sheets or bundles.
Correct answer: A Tissue- A. They live in the same ecosystem.
- B. They are highly organized and complex made of one or more cells and contain genetic material
- C. They are acted upon by the same environment
- D. Both a and b
Explanation: Living organisms are cellular, highly organized, and contain genetic material that directs growth, maintenance, and reproduction.
Correct answer: They are highly organized and complex made of one or more cells and contain genetic material- A. Nucleus
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Cell
- D. DNA
Explanation: Robert Hooke examined a thin slice of cork in 1665 and observed many small box-like compartments, which he called cells.
Correct answer: Cell- A. Organ
- B. Tissues
- C. Organelle
- D. Organ System
Explanation: A tissue is a group of similar cells organized to perform a particular function, such as muscle tissue or epithelial tissue.
Correct answer: Tissues- A. Cells
- B. Organs
- C. Organ System
- D. Organelles
Explanation: Different tissues combine structurally and functionally to form an organ, such as the heart, stomach, or leaf.
Correct answer: Organs- A. Cells
- B. Tissues
- C. Organs
- D. Organ System
Explanation: The cell is the first level of biological organization regarded as living because it can carry out essential life processes.
Correct answer: Cells- A. Organelle
- B. Tissues
- C. Organic compound
- D. Inorganic compounds
Explanation: Blood is a connective tissue because it contains cells and a fluid extracellular matrix called plasma, and it transports materials…
Correct answer: Tissues- A. Leave
- B. Root
- C. Stem
- D. None of These
Explanation: Ginger is a rhizome, which is a modified underground stem containing nodes and buds that can produce new shoots.
Correct answer: Stem- A. Asian class
- B. English class
- C. American class
- D. None
Explanation: Feathered shanks, in which feathers extend down the legs, are a characteristic feature associated with the Asiatic or Asian class of…
Correct answer: Asian class- A. Gain Water
- B. Lose Water
- C. Exchange gas
- D. None of These
Explanation: Guard cells lose water, become flaccid and reduce the stomatal pore, causing the stoma to close.
Correct answer: Lose Water