All Free Biology MCQs with Answers

• A. Ribosomes -› RER -› Transport Vesicles of ER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane
• B. Ribosomes -› SER -› Transport vesicles of ER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane
• C. Ribosomes -› RER -› Golgi vesicles-› Golgi apparatus -› Plasma membrane
• D. Ribosomes -› RER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane

Explanation: Raw proteins are synthesized by ribosomes on RER and then dumped into cisternae of RER. From RER these raw proteins are pinched off in transport vesicles of RER. These transportvesicles of RER are fused together at forming face of Golgi apparatus to form golgi bodies. During the movement of these golgi bodies from forming face to maturation face these raw proteins are converted into finished products (conjugated molecules). Then these are packed in golgi vesicles which are pinched off from maturation face. These vesicles move to the cell membrane for exocytosis or secretion as primary lysosomes.

• A. Forming face
• B. Inner face
• C. Trans face
• D. Distal face

Explanation: Blebs from tips of SER are actually transport vesicles of endoplasmic reticulum which coalesce together to give rise to a golgi body at the forming face of golgi apparatus

• A. SER
• B. RER
• C. Golgi apparatus
• D. Lysosomes

Explanation: These granules are actually golgi vesicles containing digestive enzymes in inactive form, which are activated after being released into duodenum

• A. SER
• B. RER
• C. Golgi apparatus
• D. Mitochondria

Explanation: All finished products like conjugated molecules are synthesized in golgi apparatus after receiving their raw material from endoplasmic reticulum. That is why golgi apparatus is called finishing, packing and distribution section of the factory of cell. See the figure given at end of the explanation of question # 30.

• A. Vesicles, rods or filaments
• B. Stellate, rods or filamentous
• C. Vesicles, star like or filamentous
• D. Round, rods or triangular

Explanation: Mitochondria may be of rod shape, vesicle shape or filamentous shape.

• A. Vary rarely
• B. Do not vary
• C. Vary widely
• D. Do not resemble

Explanation: Number of mitochondria depends upon the activity of the cell. Similarly shape and internal structure may also be different in different organisms.

• A. Mitochondrial cristae
• B. Mitochondrial matrix
• C. Mitochondrial stroma
• D. Mitochondrial sap

Explanation: The inner space of mitochondria within the inner membrane in which cristae lie is called matrix. The word matrix indicates that this space is viscous as compared to relatively aqueouscytoplasm.

• A. F1 particles
• B. F0 particles
• C. Matrix
• D. F-ATPase

Explanation: These are the knob-like tips of ATP synthase (F. ATPase) embedded in the thylakoid membrane. The embedded part of ATP synthase is called the F1 particle. The inner surface of cristae in the mitochondrial matrix has small knob-like structures called "F1 particles" or "F1F0 ATP synthase complexes."

• A. Enzymes and coenzymes
• B. Organic and inorganic salts
• C. Enzymes, coenzymes, organic and inorganic salts
• D. Enzymes, coenzymes, organic and inorganic salts and DNA with ribosomes

Explanation: Mitochondria are power houses of the cells where two important phases of aerobic respiration are accomplished i.e., Krebs cycle and respiratory electron transport chain. Thus all enzyme, coenzymes and other substances related to these pathways are present in mitochondria. ATPs are synthesized here. However, some extra chromosomal DNA along with ribosomes are also found in mitochondria.

• A. Glucose
• B. ATP
• C. NADPH
• D. ADP

Explanation: Being power house of the cell mitochondria are involved in synthesis of most of the energy in the form of ATP through aerobic respiration i.e. through Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.