Free Vitamins and Minerals MCQs with Answers

• A. Ascorbic acid
• B. Nicotinic acid
• C. Pantothenic acid
• D. Folic acid

Explanation: Humans and guinea pigs cannot synthesize ascorbic acid because they lack L-gulonolactone oxidase, the final enzyme in its biosynthetic…

• A. Riboflavin
• B. Niacin
• C. Pyridoxine
• D. Pantothenic acid

Explanation: Niacin deficiency causes pellagra, which may include glossitis, dementia, gastrointestinal symptoms and rough, hyperkeratotic skin…

• A. Vitamin D deficiency
• B. Rickets
• C. Vitamin A deficiency
• D. Scurvy

Explanation: Rhodopsin is formed from opsin and retinal, the aldehyde derivative of vitamin A, in rod cells.

• A. Stimulation of hematopoiesis in red bone marrow
• B. Inhibition of antithrombin
• C. Prevention of capillary fragility
• D. Helps in formation of prothrombin

Explanation: Vitamin K is required for hepatic synthesis of prothrombin and several other clotting factors.

• A. Bishydroxy coumarin
• B. Thrombin formation
• C. Corticosteroids
• D. Production of clotting factors by liver

Explanation: Vitamin K antagonizes bishydroxycoumarin, also called dicoumarol, by reversing its anticoagulant effect.

• A. Night blindness
• B. Phophoric calciuria
• C. Keratosis
• D. Xerophthalmia

Explanation: Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness, xerophthalmia and keratinisation, including corneal changes.

• A. Folic acid
• B. Biotin
• C. Ascorbic acid
• D. Para amino benzoic acid

Explanation: Ascorbic acid keeps iron in the more readily absorbed ferrous state and improves its intestinal absorption.

• A. 1 dihydroxy cholecalciferol
• B. 25 hydroxy cholecalciferol
• C. 7 dihydroxy calciferol
• D. 1,25 dihydroxy cholecalciferol

Explanation: The kidney converts 25-hydroxycholecalciferol into 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the active hormonal form of vitamin D.

• A. Myopia
• B. Corneal dryness
• C. Bitot's spots
• D. Night blindness

Explanation: Vitamin A deficiency produces night blindness, corneal dryness and Bitot's spots because of impaired maintenance of ocular epithelium.

• A. A, B , D, K
• B. A, D. E, K
• C. A, B, E, K
• D. A, C, E, K

Explanation: The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K, so option b gives the complete group.

• A. Pellagra
• B. Angular cheilitis
• C. Megaloblastic anemia
• D. Peripheral polyneuritis

Explanation: Thiamine, or vitamin B1, deficiency causes beriberi, which may present with peripheral polyneuritis and cardiac involvement.

• A. Vitamin D
• B. Vitamin B
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin A

Explanation: Chronic renal failure reduces renal activation of vitamin D, lowering calcium absorption and contributing to renal osteodystrophy and bone…

• A. Pyridoxine
• B. Thiamine
• C. Ascorbic acid
• D. Riboflavin

Explanation: Beri-beri is caused by thiamine deficiency and can produce neuropathy, muscle weakness and cardiac failure.

• A. Aspartic acid
• B. Pantothenic acid
• C. Ascorbic acid
• D. Folic acid

Explanation: Folic acid is needed to form nucleotides for DNA synthesis, so it is especially important when cells divide rapidly during mitosis.

• A. Vit K
• B. Vit A
• C. Vit D
• D. Vit B

Explanation: Intestinal bacteria synthesize vitamin K, particularly menaquinones, which contribute to the body's vitamin K supply.

• A. Vit B6
• B. Vit B2
• C. Vit B1
• D. Vit A

Explanation: Flavoproteins contain FAD or FMN as their electron-carrying coenzymes, and both are derived from riboflavin, vitamin B2.

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin A
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin C

Explanation: Vitamin D is converted to calcitriol, a hormone-like molecule that regulates calcium and phosphate balance through nuclear receptors.