Scientific Reasoning MCQs

Question 1

Isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formula - that is, same number of atoms of each element - but distinct arrangements of atoms in space. Isomerism refers to the existence or possibility of isomers. Isomers do not necessarily share similar chemical or physical properties. Two main forms of isomerism are structural or constitutional isomerism, in which bonds between the atoms differ; and stereoisomerism or spatial isomerism, in which the bonds are the same but the relative positions of the atoms differ. How many chain isomers can an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon with 7 carbons make?

Accepted Answer

64

Answer

7

Answer

5

Answer

12

Question 2

Based on Table 1, the dielectric that fills the PPC shown in Figure 1 is most likely which material?

Accepted Answer

Pyrex glass

Answer

Polystyrene

Answer

Paper

Answer

SrTiO3

Question 3

When choosing a suitable metal for use in overhead electrical cables, engineers prefer a metal for which the expression (Density) x (Resistivity) has as small a value as possible. Based on table 1, which of the following metals would be the most suitable for use in an overhead cable?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Gold

Answer

Copper

Answer

Silver

Question 4

The diagram below shows a wire carrying conventional current in the direction shown by the red arrows. The magnetic filed is straight downward, as indication by the blue X's. What is the direction of the force exerted by the magnetic field on the wire?

Accepted Answer

Downward

Answer

Upward

Answer

Right

Answer

Left

Question 5

In human blood, calcium (Ca2+) concentration is regulated by vitamin D3. First vitamin D3 is converted to calcidiol (CD) in the liver. An elevated concentration of CD inhibits furhter conversion of vitamin D3. Next, CD is conceverted to calcitriol (CT) in the kidneys in a reaction tht requires parathyroid hormone (PTH). An elevated concentration of CT increases Ca2+ concentration, which in turn inhibits further release of PTH. See figure 1 According to Figure 3, the relative blood CT concentration is between 5 times normal and 6 times normal within which of the following blood Ca2+ concentration ranges?

Accepted Answer

8mg/100 mL to 9mg/100 mL

Answer

13mg/100 mL to 14mg/100 mL

Answer

10mg/100 mL to 11 mg/100 mL

Answer

11mg/100 mL to 12mg/100 mL

Question 6

According to the given information, the inhibition of the conversion of vitamin D3 to CD is caused by

Accepted Answer

An elevated concentration of CD

Answer

A low concentration of CT

Answer

An elevated concentration of CT

Answer

A low concentration of CD

Question 7

A solute is any substance that is dissolved in another substance, which is called the solvent. A student tested the solubility (a measure of how much solute will dissolve into the solvent) of six different substances. The solubility of a substance at a given temperature is defined as the concentration of the dissolved solute that is in equilibrium with the solvent. Table 1 represents the concentration of dissolved substances in 100 grams of water at various temperatures. The concentrations are expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of water. According to the table, the concentrations of which of the following substances varies least with temperature

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Answer

HCl

Answer

NH3

Answer

KCl

Question 8

A solute is any substance that is dissolved in another substance, which is called the solvent. A student tested the solubility (a measure of how much solute will dissolve into the solvent) of six different substances. The solubility of a substance at a given temperature is defined as the concentration of the dissolved solute that is in equilibrium with the solvent. Table 1 represents the concentration of dissolved substances in 100 grams of water at various temperatures. The concentrations are expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of water. The graph below best represents the relationship between concentration and temperature for which of the following substances?

Accepted Answer

HCl

Answer

NH3

Answer

NaCl

Answer

KCl

Question 9

A solute is any substance that is dissolved in another substance, which is called the solvent. A student tested the solubility (a measure of how much solute will dissolve into the solvent) of six different substances. The solubility of a substance at a given temperature is defined as the concentration of the dissolved solute that is in equilibrium with the solvent. Table 1 represents the concentration of dissolved substances in 100 grams of water at various temperatures. The concentrations are expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of water. According to table 1, HCl would most likely have what concentration at 70 degree C?

Accepted Answer

51.5 g/100g H2O

Answer

25.5 g/100g H2O

Answer

37.0 g/100g H2O

Answer

48.5 g/100g H2O

Question 10

The atmosphere is made up of 4 distinct layers: the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. Different types of clouds form in the different layers depending on the pressure in the atmosphere and the ambient temperature. The cloud types include nimbus, stratus, cumulus, and cirrus. Figure 1 shows the location of the barriers of the atmosphere when the temperature and pressure are at an ideal condition for cloud formation. It also shows the different types of clouds formed at the different levels. Note: Clouds are formed mostly of water crystals, but can also contain particles of rock and dust. According to fig 1 as pressure within the atmosphere layers increases, temperature within the atmospheric layers

Accepted Answer

Decreases only

Answer

Increases only

Answer

Increases upto 6 psi, then decreases

Answer

Decreases upto 10 psi then increases

Question 11

The atmosphere is made up of 4 distinct layers: the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. Different types of clouds form in the different layers depending on the pressure in the atmosphere and the ambient temperature. The cloud types include nimbus, stratus, cumulus, and cirrus. Figure 1 shows the location of the barriers of the atmosphere when the temperature and pressure are at an ideal condition for cloud formation. It also shows the different types of clouds formed at the different levels. Note: Clouds are formed mostly of water crystals, but can also contain particles of rock and dust. If pressure of 7 psi were sustained within the atmosphere, according to fig 1, which of the following types of clouds would likely form?

Accepted Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Nimbas

Question 12

Alcohols are carbon compounds containing a hydroxyl (OH) group. Alkenes are carbon compounds containing at least 1 carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). Dehydration (removal of H2O) of Alcohol W in the presence of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) produces H2O and a mixture of 4 alkenes (Alkenes 1-4) that each contain only 1 C=C bond: Dehydration of each of 3 other alcohols (Alcohols X, Y, and Z) produces H2O and 2 or more of Alkenes 1-4. Stu- dents studied the dehydration of each of these 4 alcohols, which are all liquids at 25°C. Which of the following statements gives the most likely reason that the test tube was cooled in ice water, as shown in Figure 1? The test tube was most likely cooled in ice water to more readily:

Accepted Answer

Condense the vapour produced.

Answer

Condense the liquid produced.

Answer

Evaporate the liquid produced.

Answer

Evaporate the vapour produced.

Question 13

A bar magnet and a solenoid are kept beside each other. In which of the following cases current will not be produced?

Accepted Answer

When both magnet and solenoid is moving in the same direction with the same speed

Answer

When the magnet is moving towards the solenoid

Answer

When the solenoid is moving towards the magnet

Answer

When both magnet and solenoid is moving in the opposite direction with the same speed

Question 14

During a demonstration, a teacher placed 20 mL of water, 10 mL of isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and 1 drop of blue food coloring into a test tube, capped the test tube, and inverted it 6 times. Next, she added 7 g of ammonium sulfate (AS), an ionic solid, to the test tube, capped the test tube, and vigorously shook it for 10 sec. Then, over the 15 sec period immediately following the shaking, the mix- ture in the test tube completely separated into 2 distinct liquid layers (see figure). The teacher asked each of 4 students to provide an explanation for what occurred in the test tube over the 15 sec period. Student 1 Over the 15 sec, the mixture separated into 2 layers because IPA is denser than water. The water layer was on top, and the IPA layer was on the bottom. The AS dissolved in the IPA only, because AS breaks apart into neutral molecules when dissolved in IPA. Blue food colouring is polar, so it dissolves in the water only. Student 2 Over the 15 sec, the mixture separated into 2 layers because water is denser than IPA. The IPA layer was on top, and the water layer was on the bottom. The AS dis- solved in the water only, because AS breaks apart into neutral molecules when dissolved in water. Blue food colouring is polar, so it dissolves in the IPA only. Based on the figure, 5 see after the shaking, would the contents of the test tube have been better classified as a heterogeneous mixture or a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Heterogeneous, because the contents of the test tube varied in composition from one region to another.

Answer

Homogeneous, because the contents of the test tube varied in composition from one region to another.

Answer

Heterogeneous, because the contents of the test tube were uniform in composition throughout.

Answer

Homogeneous, because the contents of the test tube were uniform in composition throughout.

Question 15

The following is a diagram of a sarcomere. How do the labelled parts change during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

"B" shortens

Answer

"C" stays the same

Answer

"D" shortens

Answer

Two "A"s move further away

Question 16

Study the following graph and answer the question. For which of the following pairs of years the total exports from the three Companies together are equal?

Accepted Answer

1995 and 1996

Answer

1995 and 1998

Answer

1997 and 199

Answer

1996 and 1998

Question 17

Tollen's reagent, Ag+, is an oxidation agent. What are the products of Tollen's reagent reaction with the following molecule? Choose 1 answer:

Accepted Answer

Propanoic acid and Ag

Answer

Propanol and Ag+

Answer

Propanoic acid and Ag+

Answer

Propanol and Ag

Question 18

Passage I The figure below is a pedigree that shows the inheritance of a trait, Trait G, in a family. The presence of Trait G in an individual is determined entirely by Gene G. Gene G has 2 alleles: G, which is dominant, and g, which is recessive. Each individual represented in the pedigree was assigned a number (shown below the symbol for the individual) for reference. Scientists determined that the Gene G genotype of Individual 20 is gg and that the Gene G genotype of Individual 21 is Gg. Based on this information, the scientists concluded that Trait G is a recessive trait. Based on the figure, the 2 individuals in which of the following pairs most likely have the greatest genetic similarity across their genomes?

Accepted Answer

Individual 12 and Individual 13

Answer

Individual 3 and Individual 4

Answer

Individual 16 and Individual 24

Answer

Individual 18 and Individual 21

Question 19

Passage I The figure below is a pedigree that shows the inheritance of a trait, Trait G, in a family. The presence of Trait G in an individual is determined entirely by Gene G. Gene G has 2 alleles: G, which is dominant, and g, which is recessive. Each individual represented in the pedigree was assigned a number (shown below the symbol for the individual) for reference. Scientists determined that the Gene G genotype of Individual 20 is gg and that the Gene G genotype of Individual 21 is Gg. Based on this information, the scientists concluded that Trait G is a recessive trait. Suppose that Individual 23 and Individual 24 have 4 biological children. Based on the figure, how many of the children, if any, have Trait G?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

0

Answer

1

Answer

3

Question 20

Predation is an interaction between individuals of 2 species in which one is harmed (the prey), and the other is helped (the predator). Predation can occur among plants and animals as well as between plants and animals. Some biologists contend that herbivores, or plant eaters, are predators. Table 1 indicates some characteristics and examples of certain predators. According to information in the passage, the number of prey consumed in an ecosystem is dependent on:

Accepted Answer

the number of predators present and the number of prey present.

Answer

the natural balance of the ecosystem.

Answer

the total number of predators that die because of predation.

Answer

the type of parasites available in the ecosystem.

Free Scientific Reasoning MCQs with Answers