Free Soil Science MCQs with Answers

• A. Below 6
• B. Above 10
• C. Above 6
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Nitrogen mineralization is carried out by soil microorganisms and is markedly restricted in strongly acidic soils, particularly below…

• A. 12 million to
• B. 13.05 million lia
• C. 22 million ha
• D. 15 million lva

Explanation: About 13.05 million hectares in Pakistan are affected by water erosion.

• A. Clay loam soil
• B. Loamy soil
• C. Silty soil
• D. Sandy soil

Explanation: Cotton performs best in deep, fertile, well-drained soils with good moisture-holding capacity, such as clay loam or black soils.

• A. Seepage
• B. Erosion
• C. Soil conservation
• D. fertility depletion

Explanation: Erosion is the detachment and transport of soil or land material by agents such as water, wind and ice.

• A. Capillary water
• B. sub-surface water
• C. Gravitational water
• D. Run off water

Explanation: Gravitational water occupies larger soil pores after rainfall or irrigation and moves downward under gravity.

• A. Adhesion
• B. Cohesion
• C. Surface tension
• D. All are correct

Explanation: Adhesion is the attraction between unlike substances, such as water and soil particles, whereas cohesion is the attraction between…

• A. Unavailable moisture
• B. A and B
• C. Equivalent moisture
• D. Hygroscopic moisture

Explanation: At the permanent wilting point, soil water is no longer available to plants, so it is termed unavailable moisture.

• A. Coefficient of resistance
• B. Coefficient of internal friction
• C. Coefficient of friction
• D. All are correct

Explanation: The coefficient of friction is the ratio of the tangential force needed to cause sliding to the normal force pressing the surfaces…

• A. Compact ability
• B. All are correct
• C. Viscosity
• D. Erodibility

Explanation: Erodibility is the inherent susceptibility of one soil to erosion compared with another under identical conditions.

• A. Equivalent moisture
• B. Soil moisture
• C. Field moisture
• D. Available moisture

Explanation: Equivalent moisture is the water retained by a saturated soil after centrifuging it at about 1,000 times gravitational force.

• A. Cohesive force
• B. Tension force
• C. Capillary force
• D. Gravity force

Explanation: Capillary water is retained in the small pores of soil by capillary forces created by surface tension and adhesion.

• A. Semi-impervious soils
• B. Non-alluvial soils
• C. Impervious soils
• D. Alluvial soils

Explanation: Alluvial soils are transported and deposited by running water, commonly along river valleys and floodplains, and their deposited textures…

• A. Permeability
• B. Transmissibility
• C. Porosity
• D. Discharge

Explanation: Permeability is the ability of saturated soil or rock to transmit water through its connected pores.

• A. Specific yield
• B. Porosity
• C. Field capacity
• D. Specific retention

Explanation: Porosity is the fraction of a soil or geological formation occupied by pores, and therefore indicates its total water-storage space.

• A. Capillary water
• B. Irrigation water
• C. Effective water
• D. Hygroscopic water

Explanation: Hygroscopic water forms a very thin film tightly adsorbed to soil particles and is generally unavailable to plants.

• A. Surface tension
• B. Capillary
• C. Compressibility
• D. Viscosity

Explanation: Mercury has strong cohesive forces and weak adhesion to glass, producing a convex meniscus and preventing wetting.

• A. Fertilization
• B. Reclamation
• C. Growing crops
• D. Water application

Explanation: Reclamation is the process of restoring saline or otherwise degraded land so that it becomes productive again, commonly through drainage…