Free Plant Breeding and Genetics MCQs with Answers

• A. Lena sativa
• B. Set aria sphacelata
• C. Nicotine sandarac
• D. Scale cereals

Explanation: Gametophytic self-incompatibility was first reported in Nicotiana, including Nicotiana sanderae in the historical breeding literature.

• A. Attmann (1889)
• B. Crick (1953)
• C. Sressler (1968)
• D. Avery et al (1944)

Explanation: Avery, MacLeod and McCarty showed in 1944 that DNA, rather than protein, is the transforming genetic material in bacteria.

• A. Random mating
• B. Out breeding
• C. Iubreeding
• D. Selective mating

Explanation: Random mating allows alleles to combine freely, so allele frequencies remain constant under the Hardy-Weinberg model.

• A. Muton
• B. Recon
• C. Cistron
• D. Complan

Explanation: A recon is the smallest genetic unit capable of undergoing crossing over or recombination.

• A. Operator gene
• B. Structural gene
• C. Promotor geneOrder DNA Kits
• D. Regulator gene

Explanation: The regulator gene produces the repressor protein that controls transcription of structural genes.

• A. Lysosmes
• B. Centrosomes
• C. Microsomes
• D. Ribosomes

Explanation: Lysosomes contain digestive hydrolytic enzymes that can break down cell components when released, earning them the name “suicide bags.”…

• A. Icygen
• B. Hybrogen
• C. Carbon
• D. Nitrogen

Explanation: The two DNA strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases: adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine.

• A. Bacterium
• B. Fungus
• C. Virus
• D. Algae

Explanation: A virus contains either DNA or RNA as its genetic material, not both. Bacteria, fungi, and algae contain DNA and RNA because they are…

• A. ATP
• B. RNA
• C. DNA
• D. DNA/RNA

Explanation: ATP is the cell's immediate and readily available energy currency, and it is not RNA.

• A. Watson and Crick
• B. Scheiiden and Schwann
• C. Sarwin and Wallace
• D. Morgan

Explanation: Matthias Schleiden proposed that plants are made of cells, while Theodor Schwann extended the principle to animals; together they…

• A. Discovery of gene
• B. Principles of linkage
• C. Rediscovery of Mendel's
• D. heredity theory

Explanation: In 1900, Mendel's previously overlooked work on inheritance was independently rediscovered by de Vries, Correns, and von Tschermak.

• A. Allopolyploid
• B. Autopolyploid
• C. Euploid
• D. Aneuploid

Explanation: Aneuploid organisms have chromosome numbers that differ from an exact multiple of the basic or monoploid number, such as 2n + 1.

• A. Hexaploid
• B. Teuaplioid
• C. Triploid
• D. Oetaploid

Explanation: Triticum aestivum, common bread wheat, is hexaploid with six complete chromosome sets and 2n = 42 chromosomes.

• A. Endosperm cell
• B. Leaf cells
• C. SynergidsOrder DNA Kits
• D. Cotyledonary cell

Explanation: A diploid chromosome number of 8 gives a haploid number of 4. Synergids are haploid cells of the embryo sac, whereas leaf and cotyledon…

• A. 10 chromosomes
• B. 20 chromosomes
• C. 40 chromosomes

Explanation: Meiosis halves the chromosome number, so a cell with 40 chromosomes produces haploid cells containing 20 chromosomes each.

• A. 8
• B. 32
• C. 64
• D. 120

Explanation: Each mitotic division doubles the number of cells, so after n divisions the number is 2ⁿ.

• A. Protein synthesis
• B. Starch synthesis
• C. Fat synthesis
• D. Anaerobic respiration

Explanation: Ribosomes read messenger RNA and join amino acids into polypeptide chains, making them the cell's sites of protein synthesis.

• A. Pith cells
• B. Cortex cells
• C. Tips of stem & rootsOrder DNA Kits
• D. Internodes regions

Explanation: Active cell division occurs in meristematic tissue, especially the apical meristems at the tips of shoots and roots.

• A. 100 metersHire Grant Writers
• B. 800 meters
• C. 200 meters
• D. 400 meters

Explanation: Sunflower foundation seed requires a 400-metre isolation distance to prevent contamination by pollen from other varieties or seed classes.

• A. Perfect
• B. Imperfect
• C. Positive
• D. Negative

Explanation: With perfect correlation, the relationship is exact and the standardized regression coefficient equals the correlation coefficient, with a…