Which part of the ovary in mammals acts as an endocrine gland after ovulation?

Explanation

The correct option is: d) Graafian follicle.Explanation of each option:a) Stroma:The stroma is a supportive and connective tissue framework of the ovary that provides structural support to the various ovarian components. While it contains blood vessels, nerves, and other supporting structures, it does not act as an endocrine gland after ovulation.b) Germinal epithelium:The germinal epithelium is the outermost layer of the ovary, and it was historically thought to be the site of egg production. However, it is now understood that the eggs are actually formed within the ovarian follicles, not the germinal epithelium. The germinal epithelium does not act as an endocrine gland after ovulation.c) Vitelline membrane:The vitelline membrane, also known as the zona pellucida, is an important structure surrounding the oocyte (egg) within the Graafian follicle. It plays a critical role in interactions between the oocyte and surrounding cells during fertilization. However, it is not an endocrine gland and does not produce hormones after ovulation.d) Graafian follicle:This is the correct option. The Graafian follicle, also known as the mature ovarian follicle, is a specialized structure within the ovary that contains a fully developed oocyte. During the menstrual cycle, the Graafian follicle grows and matures under the influence of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). After ovulation, when the mature egg is released from the ovary, the remaining structure of the Graafian follicle undergoes changes and transforms into the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum acts as an endocrine gland and secretes hormones, primarily progesterone, which is crucial for preparing and maintaining the uterus for a potential pregnancy.In summary, option (d) Graafian follicle is the correct option. It acts as an endocrine gland after ovulation, producing hormones such as progesterone, to support the early stages of pregnancy in mammals.