Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
Correct answer: B. The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate
- A. The competitive inhibitor does not affect the rate of breakdown of the enzyme-substrate complex
- B. The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate
- C. A competitive inhibitor reacts reversibly with the enzyme to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex
- D. In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is not chemically changed by the enzyme
Explanation
In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme. This results in an increase in the apparent Km, as it requires a higher concentration of substrate to achieve the same reaction velocity. Option B is incorrect because the presence of a competitive inhibitor does not decrease the Km; instead, it increases it. Option A is true because the inhibitor does not affect the breakdown of the enzyme-substrate complex. Option C is true as competitive inhibitors bind reversibly, and Option D is true because the inhibitor is not chemically changed by the enzyme.
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower activation energy without being consumed, and their specificity is explained by the lock and key and induced fit models. Work includes the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on reaction rate, plus competitive and non-competitive inhibition and how these differ.
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