Which one of the following pairs show the diagonal relationship in the periodic table?
Correct answer: B. Lithium and Magnesium.
- A. Sodium and Lithium.
- B. Lithium and Magnesium.
- C. Lithium and Berylium.
- D. Boron and Beryllium.
Explanation
Lithium (Li) and magnesium (Mg) show a diagonal relationship in the periodic table. This is because they have similar ionic radii and electronegativities despite being in different groups. This similarity is due to the fact that both elements have a filled 2s subshell and an empty 3p subshell. As a result, they exhibit similar chemical and physical properties, such as high reactivity and the ability to form stable compounds with other elements. This diagonal relationship is an example of how the periodic table can be used to predict the properties of elements based on their position in the table.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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