Which one of the following pairs represents analogous features?
Correct answer: A. Insects' wings and bats' wings
- A. Insects' wings and bats' wings
- B. Forelimb of a mole and a bird's wings
- C. Forelimb of a man and a bat's wings
- D. Forelimb of man and horse
Explanation
Analogous organs are those that perform similar functions but have different evolutionary origins and structures. This is due to convergent evolution, where different species independently evolve similar traits. Insects' wings and bats' wings are examples of this, as both are used for flight but evolved separately. In contrast, the other options involve homologous structures, which have a common ancestry but serve different functions, such as the forelimbs of humans, horses, and bats.
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Evolution describes heritable change in populations over generations through variation, natural selection and adaptation. Lamarckism explains inheritance of acquired characteristics, while Darwinism explains selection of favourable inherited variations; these historical explanations must not be confused with the modern genetic account of evolutionary change.
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