_ means similarity due to shared development.
Correct answer: B. Homology
- A. Analogy
- B. Homology
- C. Paleontology
- D. Genetics
Explanation
Homology refers to the similarity in structures or genes of different organisms due to shared ancestry. It is a cornerstone of evolutionary biology, providing strong evidence for common descent. Homologous structures may have diverse functions but originate from the same ancestral structure, such as the limbs of mammals.Analogy, in contrast, involves similar structures or functions that arise independently, not from a common ancestor. Palaeontology and genetics, while essential in studying evolutionary relationships, do not specifically address similarity due to shared developmental origins.
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About Evolution
Evolution describes heritable change in populations over generations through variation, natural selection and adaptation. Lamarckism explains inheritance of acquired characteristics, while Darwinism explains selection of favourable inherited variations; these historical explanations must not be confused with the modern genetic account of evolutionary change.
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