Which of the following technique is simple and efficient to purify a substance

Explanation

Among the options provided, (c) Crystallization is often considered a simple and efficient technique for purifying a substance.Explanation:Crystallization: This process involves dissolving a substance in a suitable solvent at an elevated temperature and then allowing the solution to cool. As it cools, the solute precipitates out in the form of crystals, separating from impurities in the solution. Crystallization is efficient because it relies on the differences in solubility between the desired compound and impurities, allowing for purification.While the other techniques mentioned can also purify substances to some extent:Filtration: Useful for separating solids from liquids or gases but might not be as effective for purification unless the impurities are significantly larger than the desired substance.Sublimation: Involves the direct transition of a substance from a solid to a gas state and back to a solid. While effective for certain compounds that undergo sublimation, it's limited to substances that exhibit this behavior.Solvent extraction: Useful for separating compounds based on their solubility in different solvents but might require multiple steps for purification and might not always lead to high purity.