Which of the following species has lone pair of electrons on central atom?
Correct answer: D. PCl3
- A. CH4
- B. PCl5
- C. NH4+
- D. PCl3
Explanation
The correct answer is PCl3. In PCl3, the central phosphorus atom forms three single bonds with chlorine atoms and has one lone pair of electrons, resulting in a trigonal pyramidal shape. In contrast, CH4, PCl5, and NH4+ all have central atoms with no lone pairs of electrons, leading to geometries of tetrahedral and trigonal bipyramidal, respectively.
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Chemical bonding explains molecular shape through VSEPR theory and distinguishes sigma bonds from pi bonds. Questions involve hybridization, bond angles, dipole moment and bond energy, including how electron-pair repulsion determines geometry and how bond polarity differs from the overall polarity of a molecule.
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