Which of the following remains unchanged on descending a group in the periodic table?
Correct answer: D. Valence electrons
- A. Metallic character
- B. Density
- C. Atomic size
- D. Valence electrons
Explanation
The correct answer is Option D: Valence electrons. As you descend a group in the periodic table, elements have the same number of valence electrons, which defines their chemical properties and group characteristics. This is why elements in the same group exhibit similar chemical behavior.Option A is incorrect because metallic character generally increases down a group as the outer electrons are more easily lost. Option B is incorrect because density often increases down a group due to an increase in atomic mass. Option C is incorrect because atomic size increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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