Which of the following is always an exothermic process?
Correct answer: C. Enthalpy of neutralization
- A. Enthalpy of atomization
- B. Enthalpy of fusion
- C. Enthalpy of neutralization
- D. Enthalpy of sublimation
Explanation
Option A: Enthalpy of atomization is the heat required to dissociate a compound into its constituent atoms. This can be either endothermic or exothermic, depending on the specific compound.Option B: Enthalpy of fusion is the heat required to melt a solid into a liquid. This can be either endothermic or exothermic, depending on the specific substance.Option C: When an acid is neutralized by an alkali the reaction is exothermic. The other ions are spectators. Bond formation is an exothermic process hence the reaction is exothermic because bonds are being formed. Option D: Enthalpy of sublimation is the heat required to convert a solid directly into a gas. This can be either endothermic or exothermic, depending on the specific substance.
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About Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
Exothermic reactions release heat to the surroundings and have negative enthalpy change, while endothermic reactions absorb heat and have positive enthalpy change. The topic uses energy profiles to identify reactants, products and activation energy, and includes bond energy, enthalpy diagrams, calorimetry and Hess's law for calculating overall heat changes.
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