Which of the following has least polarizability?
Correct answer: D. CH4.
- A. NH3.
- B. H2O.
- C. HF.
- D. CH4.
Explanation
Methane (CH4) has the least polarizability of these molecules because it is a nonpolar molecule. This means that it has no permanent dipole moment and its electron density is distributed evenly around the molecule. Since polarizability is a measure of how easily the electron cloud of a molecule can be distorted by an electric field, nonpolar molecules like methane have very low polarizabilities. In contrast, polar molecules with large dipole moments have higher polarizabilities because their electron clouds are more easily distorted by external electric fields.
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Liquid behavior depends on intermolecular forces, which produce surface tension, viscosity, capillary action and a definite volume without a fixed shape. The topic also covers vapor pressure, evaporation, boiling point and the effect of temperature and external pressure, while distinguishing evaporation at the surface from boiling throughout the liquid.
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