Which of the following factors affect enzyme activity?
Correct answer: E. All of these
- A. Temperature
- B. pH
- C. Concentration of substrate
- D. Radiation
- E. All of these
Explanation
All of these factors can influence enzyme activity:Temperature: Enzymes generally work faster with rising temperatures until they reach an optimum point. Beyond this, high temperatures can cause denaturation.pH: Each enzyme has an optimal pH range. Deviations from this range can alter the enzyme's shape and reduce its efficiency.Concentration of substrate: Increasing substrate concentration can boost reaction rates up to a point of saturation.Radiation: While not typically considered an immediate factor, radiation can cause oxidative damage to enzymes, impeding their function.Thus, all these factors are relevant, making Option E the correct choice. Options A, B, C, and D describe individual factors, but only 'All of these' encompasses the full scope of influences on enzyme activity.
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About Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower activation energy without being consumed, and their specificity is explained by the lock and key and induced fit models. Work includes the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on reaction rate, plus competitive and non-competitive inhibition and how these differ.
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