Which of the following are the genetically engineered bacteria that are used to make human growth hormone and insulin for diabetics?
Correct answer: B. E. Coli
- A. Pneumococcus
- B. E. Coli
- C. Rhizobium
- D. Nostoc
Explanation
E.coli is correct. E. coli has been programmed to make human growth hormones for the treatment of growth deficiencies and insulin for diabetics.Scientists produce insulin using E.coli by inserting the human insulin gene into the bacteria's DNA, causing the E. coli to act as a "factory" for insulin. First, the human insulin gene is extracted and put into a plasmid (a small, circular piece of DNA). This recombinant plasmid is then introduced into E. coli bacteria through transformation.
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Biotechnology in health care applies biological organisms, cells or enzymes to diagnose and treat disease. The subject includes recombinant DNA, genetically engineered insulin, vaccines, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, while distinguishing therapeutic applications from agricultural and industrial biotechnology.
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