Which of the elements show passivity when treated with conc. HNO3
Correct answer: D. All of the above
- A. Iron (Fe)
- B. Aluminum (Al)
- C. Chromium (Cr)
- D. All of the above
Explanation
Passivity: This refers to a phenomenon where a metal becomes resistant to further chemical attack under specific conditions. In this case, we're interested in metals exhibiting passivity when treated with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3).Elements showing passivity in conc. HNO3:Iron (Fe): Concentrated HNO3 forms a thin layer of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) on the surface of iron, which passivates the metal and prevents further oxidation.Aluminum (Al): Similarly, a protective layer of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) forms on the surface, hindering further interaction with the acid.Chromium (Cr): Chromium forms a chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3) layer, providing passivity against various oxidizing agents, including concentrated HNO3.Therefore, all three elements listed - iron, aluminum, and chromium - exhibit passivity under the given conditions.
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The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.
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