When a certain vector is multiplied by -1, the direction changes by:

Correct answer: B. 180°

  • A. 90°
  • B. 180°
  • C. 120°
  • D. 60°

Explanation

When a certain vector is multiplied by -1, the direction changes by 180°. Let's go through the options to understand why: (a) 90°: Multiplying a vector by -1 doesn't change the direction by 90°, so option (a) is incorrect. (b) 180°: When a vector is multiplied by -1, it flips or reverses its direction completely, which is a change of 180°. So, option (b) is correct! (c) 120°: Multiplying a vector by -1 doesn't change the direction by 120°, so option (c) is incorrect. (d) 60°: Multiplying a vector by -1 doesn't change the direction by 60°, so option (d) is incorrect. Therefore, the correct option is (b) - 180°.

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Vectors have magnitude and direction, unlike scalars, and are combined by head-to-tail or parallelogram methods. Work covers rectangular components, equilibrium when the resultant force is zero, the scalar product for work and projections, and the vector product for torque and cross-product direction using the right-hand rule.

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