What principle emerged from the post-Second World War international criminal trials concerning individuals?
Correct answer: A. Individuals may bear international criminal responsibility for international crimes
- A. Individuals may bear international criminal responsibility for international crimes
- B. Only states can be responsible for violations of international law
- C. Official position always gives complete immunity for international crimes
- D. International crimes can be prosecuted only by the state of nationality
Explanation
The trials established that individuals can incur responsibility under international law for crimes such as aggression, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Official status does not automatically remove personal responsibility for such crimes.
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International law regulates relations among states and other recognised international actors through treaties, customary practice and general legal principles. Coverage includes statehood and recognition, jurisdiction, diplomatic relations, state responsibility, territory, use of force, peaceful dispute settlement and the role of the United Nations, while distinguishing public international law from private international law.
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