Water flows through a constriction in horizontal pipe as it enters constriction, water's:
Correct answer: C. Speed increases and pressure decreases
- A. Speed increases and pressure remains constant
- B. Speed increases and pressure increases
- C. Speed increases and pressure decreases
- D. Speed decreases and pressure increases
Explanation
In fluid dynamics, especially in incompressible flow through a pipe, Bernoulli's principle applies. When water flows through a constriction in a horizontal pipe, the cross-sectional area decreases, causing the speed of the water to increase. According to Bernoulli's equation, an increase in fluid speed results in a decrease in pressure. Therefore, option C is correct. Option A is incorrect because pressure does not remain constant; it decreases. Option B is incorrect because it suggests that pressure increases, which is contrary to Bernoulli's principle. Option D is incorrect because it describes the opposite scenario-exiting a constriction.
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About Fluid Dynamics
Fluid flow is described through speed, pressure and density, including steady flow and the equation of continuity for conserving mass. Bernoulli's equation relates pressure, speed and height, while fluid drag and terminal velocity explain why a falling object eventually moves at constant speed when drag balances its weight.
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