A parachutist is falling constant (terminal) velocity. Which statement is not correct?
Correct answer: B. Gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the parachutist
- A. Gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the air
- B. Gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the parachutist
- C. Gravitational potential energy is converted into thermal energy of the air
- D. Gravitational potential energy is converted into thermal energy of the parachutist
Explanation
At terminal velocity, the parachutist is falling at a constant speed, meaning there is no net conversion of gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy of the parachutist. Instead, the energy is dissipated through air resistance, converting it into kinetic energy and thermal energy of the air and a small amount into thermal energy of the parachutist. Hence, Option B is the correct answer because it states that gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the parachutist, which does not occur at terminal velocity. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe energy transformations that do occur during the fall at terminal velocity.
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About Fluid Dynamics
Fluid flow is described through speed, pressure and density, including steady flow and the equation of continuity for conserving mass. Bernoulli's equation relates pressure, speed and height, while fluid drag and terminal velocity explain why a falling object eventually moves at constant speed when drag balances its weight.
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