Under the Pakistan Penal Code, which conduct can amount to abetment?
Correct answer: B. Instigating, conspiring, or intentionally aiding the offence
- A. Only personally committing the principal offence
- B. Instigating, conspiring, or intentionally aiding the offence
- C. Merely knowing that an offence may occur
- D. Reporting the offence after it has occurred
Explanation
Section 107 of the Pakistan Penal Code recognises abetment by instigation, conspiracy accompanied by an act or illegal omission, or intentional aid. Mere knowledge without participation does not normally constitute abetment.
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Criminal law identifies offences against the state, persons and property, and explains the requirements of actus reus and mens rea for establishing liability. It also covers stages of crime, abetment, attempt, joint and common intention, general exceptions, criminal responsibility and punishments, distinguishing substantive offences from criminal procedure.
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