There are two types of isomerism i.e. structural isomerism and stereolsomerism. The two main types of stereoisomerism are: Diastereomerism (including 'cis-trans isomerism and Optical Isomerism). Each non-superimposable mirror image structure is called:
Correct answer: C. Enantiomer
- A. Metamer
- B. Elastomer
- C. Enantiomer
- D. Tautomer
Explanation
Each non-superimposable mirror image structure in stereoisomerism is called an enantiomer. Enantiomers are a type of stereoisomer where two molecules are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed, similar to left and right hands. They have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in their spatial arrangement. To summarize: 1. **Structural Isomerism:** Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. 2. **Stereoisomerism:** Isomers with the same structural formula but different spatial arrangements of atoms. - **Diastereomerism:** Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. - **Optical Isomerism:** Stereoisomers that differ only in the way they rotate plane-polarized light. - Enantiomers: Non-superimposable mirror image structures. - **Cis-Trans Isomerism:** Stereoisomers that differ in the arrangement of substituents around a rigid structure, typically a double bond or a ring. So, in the context of stereoisomerism, each non-superimposable mirror image structure is referred to as an enantiomer.
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About Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry begins with carbon compounds classified by carbon skeleton, saturation and functional group. Work includes identifying groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl and amino, applying basic nomenclature, and distinguishing structural, geometric and optical isomers, where the same molecular formula does not necessarily mean the same structure or properties.
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